Shloka 39

Adhyaya 1 — Jaimini's Questions

Sanskrit

शक्रच्छन्दानुयाताभिः पृष्टस्ताभिः सनारदः ।

प्रोवाच यत् तदा वाक्यं जैमिने तन्निबोध मे ॥

Transliteration

śakracchandānuyātābhiḥ pṛṣṭastābhiḥ sanāradaḥ /

provāca yat tadā vākyaṃ jaimine tannibodha me //

Translation

شکر اور ویدی چھندوں کے ساتھ موجود لوگوں کے سوال پر، اس نے نارَد کے ساتھ اُس وقت کلمات کہے۔ اے جَیمِنی، اُس گھڑی جو کہا گیا تھا، وہ مجھ سے سنو۔

Word by Word

• शक्रच्छन्द-अनुयाताभिः: by those who followed Indra’s wish
• शक्रच्छन्द-अनुयाताभिः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्र + छन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + अनु + या (धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle) 'अनुयात' = followed; तत्पुरुष-समास: 'शक्रस्य छन्दः' (Indra's will) + 'अनुयात' (followed)

• पृष्टः: (he) having been asked
• पृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; of implied 'was')
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (having been asked)

• ताभिः: by them
• ताभिः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• स-नारदः: Nārada (along with others/with Nārada)
• स-नारदः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; उपसर्गसदृश 'स' = सह (with) (indeclinable prefix-like usage)

• प्रोवाच: said forth
• प्रोवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• यत्: what (that which)
• यत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• वाक्यम्: speech, statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• जैमिने: to Jaimini
• जैमिने: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जैमिनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• निबोध: understand, learn
• निबोध: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• मे: of me / my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular) (enclitic)

Speakers

• Narrator addressing Jaimini; reported speech to follow (involving Nārada; others implied by context)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra (Śakra)

Key Themes

• Frame narrative
• Transmission of Purāṇic teaching
• Authority of sacred speech (chandas)
• Guru–śiṣya listening (nibodha)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse foregrounds śravaṇa (attentive listening) and faithful transmission: knowledge is conveyed through an authorized chain, and the listener’s readiness (nibodha) is itself a dharmic discipline.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse functions as an upodghāta (introductory frame) rather than a direct pancalakṣaṇa element. It prepares for Purāṇic narration that may later include sarga/pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, and vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

By invoking Śakra and chandas, the text subtly sacralizes the coming discourse: chandas symbolizes ordered vibration and revealed speech, implying that the narrative is not mere story but a patterned, mantra-like vehicle of meaning guarded by divine and sage authority.