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Shloka 8

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 33 — Kuru Cattle-Raid and Matsya Mobilization (भूमिंजय-प्रेरणा)

तौ निहत्य पृथग धुर्यावुभौ तौ पार्ष्णिसारथी । विरथं मत्स्यराजानं जीवग्राहमगृह्नताम्‌,त्रिगर्तदेशके स्वामी राजा सुशर्माने अपनी सेनाके द्वारा मत्स्ययाजकी सेनाको मथ डाला और बलपूर्वक उसे परास्त करके महापराक्रमी मत्स्यनरेश विराटपर चढ़ाई कर दी। उन दोनों भाइयोंने पृथक्‌ू-पृथक्‌ विराटके दोनों घोड़ोंको मारकर उनके पार्श्भागकी रक्षा करनेवाले सिपाहियों तथा सारथिको भी मार डाला और उन्हें रथहीन करके जीते-जी ही पकड़ लिया

tāv nihatya pṛthag dhuryāv ubhau tau pārṣṇisārathī | virathaṁ matsyarājānaṁ jīvagrāham agṛhṇatām ||

ویشَمپاین نے کہا—انہوں نے الگ الگ کر کے وِراٹ کے دونوں سردار گھوڑوں کو مار ڈالا؛ رتھ کے پچھلے حصے کے محافظوں اور سارتھی کو بھی ہلاک کر دیا۔ یوں مَتسیہ راج وِراٹ کو رتھ سے محروم کر کے زندہ ہی گرفتار کر لیا۔

तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
निहत्यhaving slain
निहत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (नि-)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
धुर्यौthe two yoke-horses (leading horses)
धुर्यौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधुर्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
पार्ष्णि-सारथीthe two: rear-guards and charioteers
पार्ष्णि-सारथी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्ष्णि + सारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
विरथम्chariotless
विरथम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मत्स्य-राजानम्the king of Matsya (Virata)
मत्स्य-राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य + राजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जीव-ग्राहम्alive-captured (taken living)
जीव-ग्राहम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजीव + ग्राह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अगृह्नताम्they two seized/captured
अगृह्नताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formलङ् (imperfect), Parasmaipada, Third, Dual

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Matsya-rāja (King Virāṭa)
M
Matsya (kingdom/people)
T
Trigarta warriors (implied by context: Suśarman’s side)
D
dhurya (chariot horses)
S
sārathī (charioteer)
P
pārṣṇi-guards (rear-guard soldiers)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores battlefield realism within kṣatriya-dharma: disabling a chariot by killing its lead horses and key personnel is a tactical method, and capturing a king alive (jīvagrāha) can be a calculated restraint—securing political advantage without immediate execution.

In the Trigarta raid against Matsya, two enemy warriors kill Virāṭa’s two foremost chariot-horses and then kill the rear-guards and the charioteer, leaving Virāṭa without a chariot and taking him prisoner alive.