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Shloka 38

Adhyāya 160: Arjuna’s Envoy-Message—Critique of Borrowed Valor and Pre-dawn Mobilization

संयुगं गच्छ भीष्मेण भिन्धि वा शिरसा गिरिम्‌ | तरेम॑ वा महागाध॑ बाहुभ्यां पुरुषोदधिम्‌,“तुम भीष्मके साथ युद्ध करो या सिरसे पहाड़ फोड़ो या सैनिकोंके अत्यन्त गहरे महासागरको दोनों बाँहोंसे तैरकर पार करो

saṁyugaṁ gaccha bhīṣmeṇa bhindhi vā śirasā girim | tarema vā mahāgādhaṁ bāhubhyāṁ puruṣodadhim |

بھیشم کے ساتھ جنگ میں اتر جاؤ؛ یا سر سے پہاڑ چیر ڈالو؛ یا پھر دونوں بازوؤں کے زور سے اس نہایت گہرے ‘مردوں کے سمندر’—سپاہیوں کے مہاساغر—کو تیر کر پار کر جاؤ۔

संयुगम्battle, combat
संयुगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गच्छgo (undertake)
गच्छ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भीष्मेणwith Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भिन्धिsplit, pierce, break
भिन्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
शिरसाwith (your) head
शिरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
गिरिम्mountain
गिरिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तरेमmay we cross
तरेम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormOptative, First, Plural, Parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
महागाधम्very deep
महागाधम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहागाध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बाहुभ्याम्with (both) arms
बाहुभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
पुरुषोदधिम्ocean of men (army)
पुरुषोदधिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष-उदधि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

उलूक उवाच

U
Ulūka
B
Bhīṣma
M
mountain (giri)
O
ocean of men/warriors (puruṣodadhi)

Educational Q&A

The verse illustrates coercive rhetoric in a dharma-crisis: by framing refusal as equivalent to absurd impossibilities, the speaker tries to force a warrior’s choice toward battle, showing how honor-language can be used to intensify violence and narrow moral options.

Ulūka, acting as a messenger in the tense pre-war negotiations, delivers a provocative challenge: either confront Bhīṣma in battle or accomplish impossible feats—thereby mocking hesitation and pushing the situation toward open war.