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Shloka 20

Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment

Chapter 86

अपराधानुरूपं च दण्डं पापेषु धारयेत्‌ । वियोजयेद्‌ धनैर््रद्धानधनानथ बन्धनै:

aparādhānurūpaṃ ca daṇḍaṃ pāpeṣu dhārayet | viyojayet dhanair āḍhyān adhanān atha bandhanaiḥ ||

جرم کے مطابق ہی سزا مقرر کرنی چاہیے۔ اگر مجرم مالدار ہو تو جرمانے یا ضبطی کے ذریعے اسے اس کے مال سے جدا کیا جائے؛ اور اگر غریب ہو تو اسے بندشوں میں رکھ کر حراست یا قید میں ڈالا جائے۔

अपराधानुरूपम्proportionate to the offence
अपराधानुरूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपराध-अनुरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दण्डम्punishment
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापेषुin cases of sins/crimes
पापेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
धारयेत्should impose/ordain
धारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वियोजयेत्should deprive/separate
वियोजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-युज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनैःby/with wealth (property)
धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
श्रद्धान्the faithful (persons)
श्रद्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रद्धावत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधनान्the poor (persons without wealth)
अधनान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अथthen/and further
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
बन्धनैःby bonds/imprisonment
बन्धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Punishment (daṇḍa) must be proportionate to the offence (aparādha-anurūpa). The ruler should apply suitable penalties: financial deprivation for the wealthy and custodial restraint for the poor, aiming at fair and effective justice.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on how a king should administer justice, specifying practical modes of punishment depending on the offender’s means.