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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 352: Brāhmaṇa–Nāga Saṃvāda — Uñchavrata-niścaya

Dialogue and the Resolve to Practice Uñchavrata

कि नु तत्सदन श्रेष्ठ क्षुत्पिपासाविवर्जितम्‌ । सुरासुरैरध्युषितं ऋषिभिश्नामितप्रभै:,क्या कारण है कि क्षुधा-पिपासासे रहित उस श्रेष्ठ धामको, जहाँ निरन्तर देवता, असुर, अमिततेजस्वी ऋषि, गन्धर्व और अप्सराओंके समूह आपकी सेवामें उपस्थित रहते हैं, छोड़कर आप अकेले इस श्रेष्ठ पर्वतपर चले आये हैं?

ki nu tat sadana śreṣṭha kṣutpipāsāvivarjitam | surāsurair adhyuṣitaṁ ṛṣibhir nāmitaprabhaiḥ |

اے افضلِ مرد! وہ بہترین دھام جو بھوک اور پیاس سے پاک ہے، جہاں دیوتا، اسور اور بے پایاں جلال والے رشی آباد ہیں—اسے چھوڑ کر آپ اکیلے اس بلند و برتر پہاڑ پر کیوں تشریف لائے ہیں؟

किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative emphasis)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
सदनम्dwelling/abode
सदनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसदन
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
श्रेष्ठO best (one)
श्रेष्ठ:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
Formneuter, vocative, singular
क्षुत्hunger
क्षुत्:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुत्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
पिपासाthirst
पिपासा:
TypeNoun
Rootपिपासा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
विवर्जितम्devoid of/without
विवर्जितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + वर्ज्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सुराby/with the gods
सुरा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
असुरैःby/with the asuras
असुरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
अध्युषितम्inhabited/occupied
अध्युषितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधि + वस्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)
ऋषिभिःby/with sages
ऋषिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
नामितbowed down/subdued
नामित:
TypeAdjective
Rootनि + अम्
Formneuter, instrumental, plural, क्त (past passive participle)
प्रभैःby/with splendors/effulgences
प्रभैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभा
Formfeminine, instrumental, plural

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
S
sadana (excellent abode)
S
surāḥ (devas)
A
asurāḥ
ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
M
mountain (parvata)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry into renunciation: leaving a comfortable, desire-free celestial-like abode for solitude suggests a deliberate spiritual purpose. Bhīṣma’s question highlights that true dharma is not merely comfort or privilege, but the reasoned pursuit of a higher aim.

Bhīṣma addresses a revered person (śreṣṭha), asking why he has left an exalted residence—free from hunger and thirst and frequented by devas, asuras, and radiant sages—and come alone to a mountain. The question sets up an explanation of motive and spiritual intent.