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Shloka 17

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

वैशम्पायन उवाच अहो गूढतम: प्रश्नस्त्वया पृष्टो जनेश्वर । नातप्ततपसा होष नावेदविदुषा तथा

vaiśampāyana uvāca: aho gūḍhatamaḥ praśnas tvayā pṛṣṭo janeśvara | nātaptatapasā hoṣa nāvedaviduṣā tathā ||

وَیشَمپایَن نے کہا—اے جَنیشور! تم نے نہایت ہی گہرا اور پوشیدہ سوال کیا ہے۔ یہ بات نہ اس کے لیے قابلِ فہم ہے جس نے تپسیا نہ کی ہو، اور نہ ہی اسی طرح اس کے لیے جو ویدوں کا حقیقی عالم نہ ہو۔

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहोah! indeed!
अहो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो
गूढतमःmost secret / most profound
गूढतमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगूढतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Superlative
प्रश्नःquestion
प्रश्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
पृष्टःasked
पृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootपृच्छ्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
जन-ईश्वरO lord of men
जन-ईश्वर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजन + ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आतप्त-तपसाby (one) whose austerity is performed / by performed austerity
आतप्त-तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआतप्त + तपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
होःyou are
होः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवेद-विदुषाby one ignorant of the Veda / by a non-Veda-knower
अवेद-विदुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअवेद + विद्वस्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाthus; in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
janeśvara (a king/ruler being addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses that the deepest ethical and spiritual questions (gūḍhatama praśna) require inner discipline (tapas) and authoritative understanding (Vedic learning). Profound dharma is not merely intellectual; it is realized through purification, practice, and right instruction.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vaiśampāyana responds to a ruler’s inquiry by acknowledging its exceptional depth and indicating that such knowledge is accessible only to those prepared by austerity and true learning—signaling that an elevated teaching is about to follow.