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Shloka 159

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

सप्ताड्श्चैव संघातस्त्रयश्चान्ये नूपोत्तम | सम्भूय दशवर्गो<5यं भुड्धक्ते राज्यं हि राजवत्‌,नृपश्रेष्ठ) उक्त सात अंगोंका समुदाय और तीन अन्य शक्तियाँ (प्रभु-शक्ति, उत्साहशक्ति और मन्त्रशक्ति)--ये सब मिलकर राज्यके दस वर्ग हैं। ये दसों वर्ग संगठित होकर राजाके समान ही राज्यका उपभोग करते हैं

saptāṅgaś caiva saṅghātas trayaś cānye nṛpottama | sambhūya daśavargo 'yaṃ bhunkte rājyaṃ hi rājavat ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے بہترین بادشاہ! ریاست کے سات اجزاء کا مجموعہ اور تین مزید قوتیں—یہ سب مل کر سلطنت کا یہ دس گانہ نظام بنتے ہیں۔ یہ دسوں متحد ہو کر بادشاہ ہی کی طرح اقتدار کے کام اور اس کے ثمرات میں شریک ہوتے ہیں۔

सप्तseven
सप्त:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अङ्गाःlimbs; constituent parts
अङ्गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सङ्घातःaggregate; collection
सङ्घातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्घात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येother
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नृप-उत्तमO best of kings
नृप-उत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप + उत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सम्भूयhaving come together; jointly
सम्भूय:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् + भू
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्)
दश-वर्गःthe group of ten (classes)
दश-वर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदश + वर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुङ्क्तेenjoys; partakes of; administers
भुङ्क्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राज्यम्the kingdom; sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
राजवत्like a king; in the manner of a king
राजवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootराजवत्
FormTaddhita adverb (वत्)

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (addressed as nṛpottama)

Educational Q&A

Kingship is not a solitary power: the state is an integrated system. When the seven limbs of the realm and three key powers act in unity, they collectively sustain and ‘share’ the work and fruits of sovereignty; therefore a ruler must govern through coordination, not mere personal will.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma addresses the king and explains a structural model of the kingdom: seven standard constituents plus three additional powers together form a tenfold framework that operates the state as effectively as the king.