Shloka 13

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

Devanagari script

वेदस्योपनिषत्‌ सत्यं सत्यस्योपनिषद्‌ दम: । दमस्योपनिषन्मोक्ष एतत्‌ सर्वानुशासनम्‌

Transliteration

vedasyopaniṣat satyaṃ satyasyopaniṣad damaḥ | damasyopaniṣan mokṣa etat sarvānuśāsanam ||

Translation

ہنس نے کہا—وید کا اُپنشد (باطنی جوہر) سچ ہے؛ سچ کا اُپنشد دَم (حواس کا ضبط) ہے؛ اور دَم کا اُپنشد موکش (نجات) ہے۔ یہی تمام شاستروں کی کامل تعلیم ہے۔

Word by Word

• वेदस्य: of the Veda
• वेदस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• उपनिषत्: the Upanishad / inner teaching (essence)
• उपनिषत्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपनिषद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यस्य: of truth
• सत्यस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• उपनिषत्: the essence / inner teaching
• उपनिषत्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपनिषद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• दमः: self-control (sense-restraint)
• दमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दमस्य: of self-control
• दमस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• उपनिषत्: the essence / inner teaching
• उपनिषत्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपनिषद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• मोक्षः: liberation
• मोक्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्व: entire / all
• सर्व: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनुशासनम्: instruction / teaching
• अनुशासनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुशासन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

हंस उवाच

Characters & Entities

• हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

It presents a graded ethical-spiritual chain: the Veda’s true purport is truthfulness; truth is safeguarded and fulfilled by self-restraint (dama); and the culmination of self-restraint is liberation (mokṣa). In short, inner discipline makes truth stable, and that discipline ripens into freedom.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Haṃsa (the Swan) speaks as a teacher, distilling the vast scriptural tradition into a concise maxim that links study and doctrine to lived virtues—truthful conduct and sense-control—aimed ultimately at mokṣa.