Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

धर्ममेवान्ववर्तन्त न हिंसन्ति परस्परम्‌ । अनुकूलाश्न कार्येषु गुरुवृद्धोपसेविन:

śakra uvāca | dharmam evānvavartanta na hiṃsanti parasparam | anukūlāś ca kāryeṣu guruvṛddhopasevinaḥ ||

شکر نے کہا—وہ صرف دھرم ہی کی پیروی کرتے تھے؛ آپس میں ایک دوسرے کو گزند نہیں پہنچاتے تھے۔ ہر کام میں باہم موافق رہتے اور اپنے گروؤں اور بزرگوں کی خدمت میں یکسو رہتے تھے۔

धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अन्ववर्तन्तthey followed, they adhered to
अन्ववर्तन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√वृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिंसन्तिthey harm, they injure
हिंसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√हिंस्
FormPresent (Laṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
परस्परम्each other, mutually
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
अनुकूलाःfavorable, agreeable
अनुकूलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुकूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कार्येषुin (all) tasks/affairs
कार्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
गुरुवृद्धोपसेविनःattentive in serving gurus and elders
गुरुवृद्धोपसेविनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरुवृद्ध-उपसेविन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
G
gurus (teachers)
V
vṛddhas (elders)

Educational Q&A

True dharma is expressed through non-violence, mutual cooperation in worldly duties, and attentive service to teachers and elders—social harmony grounded in ethical restraint.

Indra (Śakra) describes the exemplary conduct of people in an ideal moral order: they adhere to dharma, avoid harming each other, work cooperatively, and honor authority and age through service.