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Shloka 24

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

प्रत्यादित्यं न मेहेत न पश्येदात्मन: शकृत्‌ । सह स्त्रियाथ शयनं सह भोज्यं च वर्जयेत्‌

pratyādityaṃ na meheta na paśyed ātmanaḥ śakṛt | saha striyātha śayanaṃ saha bhojyaṃ ca varjayet ||

بھیشم نے کہا—سورج کی طرف منہ کرکے پیشاب نہ کرے، اور اپنے پاخانے کو نہ دیکھے۔ عورت کے ساتھ ایک ہی بستر پر سونا اور ایک ہی تھالی میں ساتھ کھانا بھی ترک کرے۔ یہ طہارت اور ضبطِ نفس کے آداب ہیں جو راست روی کے ضمن میں بتائے گئے ہیں۔

प्रत्यादित्यंtowards the sun / facing the sun
प्रत्यादित्यं:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति + आदित्य (आदित्य)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मेहेतshould urinate
मेहेत:
TypeVerb
Rootमिह्
FormVidhi-linga, injunctive/optative sense, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्येत्should look/see
पश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormVidhi-linga, injunctive/optative sense, 3, singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
शकृत्feces/stool
शकृत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशकृत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
स्त्रियाwith a woman
स्त्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
शयनंbed; lying down; sleeping (together)
शयनं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
भोज्यंfood; that which is to be eaten
भोज्यं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभोज्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्जयेत्should avoid/abstain from
वर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृज् (वर्ज्)
FormVidhi-linga, injunctive/optative sense, 3, singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Sun (Aditya)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches standards of personal conduct (ācāra) aimed at purity, modesty, and restraint: respecting the sun by not urinating toward it, maintaining cleanliness and decorum, and observing boundaries in intimate and communal habits such as sleeping and eating arrangements.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he lists practical behavioral rules—everyday disciplines that support ethical living and social propriety.