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Shloka 18

Gautama’s Flight, the Enchanted Grove, and the Arrival of Rājadharma

Nāḍījaṅgha

आर्यता नाम भूतानां यः करोति प्रयत्नतः । शुभं कर्म निराकारो वीतरागस्तथैव च

āryatā nāma bhūtānāṃ yaḥ karoti prayatnataḥ | śubhaṃ karma nirākāro vītarāgas tathaiva ca ||

بھیشم نے کہا—جو شخص اپنی نمود و نمائش کے بغیر، کوشش کے ساتھ جانداروں کے بھلے کے لیے نیک و مبارک اعمال مسلسل کرتا رہے اور وابستگی سے پاک ہو، اسی کے اس بلند مزاج اور کردار کا نام ‘آریَتا’ (حقیقی شرافت) ہے۔ یہ آریَتا ویراغ (بےرغبتی) سے حاصل ہوتی ہے۔

आर्यताnobility, gentleness
आर्यता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्यता (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नामis called, is the name
नाम:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings, of creatures
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करोतिdoes, performs
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रयत्नतःwith effort, deliberately
प्रयत्नतः:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
शुभम्auspicious, good
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed, action
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निराकारःwithout display/form; unobtrusive
निराकारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराकार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीतरागःfree from attachment/passion
वीतरागः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीतराग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
bhūtāni (living beings)

Educational Q&A

True nobility (āryatā) is not birth or status but a cultivated inner disposition: doing good for all beings with steady effort, without seeking recognition, and with freedom from attachment. Detachment is presented as the condition that makes such pure beneficence possible.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira about virtues and right conduct. Here he defines ‘āryatā’ as unostentatious, attachment-free beneficence toward living beings.