Shloka 156

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

Devanagari script

भवन्त्येतानि कौरव्य लुब्धानामकृतात्मनाम्‌ | जिसने अपने मन और इन्द्रियोंको काबूमें कर लिया है

Transliteration

bhavanty etāni kauravya lubdhānām akṛtātmanām |

Translation

بھیشم نے کہا—اے کوروَی! یہ عیوب انہی لالچی لوگوں میں پیدا ہوتے ہیں جنہوں نے اپنے نفس کو مسخر نہیں کیا۔ جس نے اپنے دل (من) اور حواس کو قابو میں کر لیا ہو، اسے چاہیے کہ وہ فریبِ نفس (موہ) کے ساتھ لالچ کو بھی مغلوب کرے۔ اے کوروؤں کے دل بند! ریاکاری، بدخواہی، بدگوئی، چغلی اور حسد—یہ سب عیوب عین انہی لالچیوں میں پائے جاتے ہیں جو خود پر غالب نہیں آتے۔

Word by Word

• भवन्ति: are / occur
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कौरव्य: O descendant of Kuru
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• लुब्धानाम्: of the greedy
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लुब्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अकृतात्मनाम्: of those whose self is not disciplined (uncontrolled)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकृतात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Kauravya (address to Yudhiṣṭhira / Kuru prince)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Greed, when joined with delusion, becomes the root-condition for multiple moral vices. Therefore, the disciplined person—one who has mastered mind and senses—should overcome greed (lobha) along with delusion (moha), since hypocrisy, malice, slander, gossip, and envy cluster around uncontrolled greed.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and ethical governance. Here he characterizes the psychological profile of the greedy and unself-controlled, listing the typical faults that arise from such a disposition.