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Shloka 1

Janamejaya’s Appeal for Pacification and Śaunaka’s Counsel on Humility (जनमेजय-शौनक संवादः)

अपन क्रात बा अं षट्चत्वारिशर्दाधेकशततमो< ध्याय: कबूतरके द्वारा अतिथि-सत्कार और अपने शरीरका बहेलियेके लिये परित्याग भीष्म उवाच स पत्न्या वचन श्रुत्वा धर्मयुक्तिसमन्वितम्‌ । हर्षेण महता युक्तो वाक्‍्यं व्याकुललोचन:

bhīṣma uvāca | sa patnyā vacanaṁ śrutvā dharmayuktisamanvitam | harṣeṇa mahatā yukto vākyaṁ vyākulalocanaḥ ||

بھیشم نے کہا: اے راجن! اپنی زوجہ کے دھرم کے مطابق اور دلیل سے بھرپور کلام کو سن کر کبوتر بے حد مسرور ہوا؛ خوشی کے آنسوؤں سے اس کی آنکھیں مضطرب ہو گئیں اور وہ جواب دینے لگا۔

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पत्न्याःof (his) wife
पत्न्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
वचनम्speech; words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
धर्मयुक्तिसमन्वितम्endowed with dharma and reasoning
धर्मयुक्तिसमन्वितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मयुक्तिसमन्वित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हर्षेणwith joy
हर्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat
महता:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
युक्तःendowed; possessed
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्याकुललोचनःone whose eyes were agitated (with emotion)
व्याकुललोचनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याकुललोचन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira, implied addressee)
P
pigeon (kapota)
P
pigeon’s wife (kapotī)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not merely rule-following but reasoned moral commitment: when one recognizes a righteous course—here, honoring the guest—one should embrace it wholeheartedly, even at personal cost.

In Bhishma’s narration, the pigeon hears his wife’s dharma-grounded counsel about proper conduct toward a guest. Moved by her reasoning, he becomes joyful and emotionally overwhelmed, preparing to respond in a way consistent with hospitality and sacrifice.