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Shloka 39

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

यदा बहुविधां वृद्धि मन्येत प्रतिलोमत: । तदा विवृत्य प्रहरेद्‌ दस्यूनामविचारयन्‌,जब हाथी, घोड़े और रथोंसे भरी हुई और बहुत-से पैदलों तथा यन्त्रोंसे सम्पन्न, छः“ अंगोंवाली विशाल सेना स्वामीके प्रति अनुरक्त हो, जब शत्रुकी अपेक्षा अपनी अनेक प्रकारसे उन्नति होती जान पड़े, उस समय राजा दूसरा कोई विचार मनमें न लाकर प्रकटरूपसे डाकू और लुटेरोंपर प्रहार आरम्भ कर दे

yadā bahuvidhāṁ vṛddhiṁ manyeta pratilomataḥ | tadā vivṛtya prahared dasyūnām avicārayan |

جب بادشاہ یہ سمجھے کہ دشمن کی توقع کے برخلاف اس کی خوشحالی کئی طرح سے بڑھ رہی ہے—تو وہ کسی اور تردد یا سوچ میں پڑے بغیر علانیہ ڈاکوؤں اور لٹیروں پر ضرب لگائے۔

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
बहु-विधाम्of many kinds
बहु-विधाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुविध
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वृद्धिम्increase, prosperity
वृद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मन्येतshould think, would consider
मन्येत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (potential), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रतिलोमतःcontrarily; in reverse/opposition
प्रतिलोमतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रतिलोमतस्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
विवृत्यhaving opened/uncovered; openly
विवृत्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) / वि-√वृत् (विवृणोति)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada (non-finite)
प्रहरेत्should strike, should attack
प्रहरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√हृ (हरति) / प्र-√हृ (प्रहरति)
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (potential), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दस्यूनाम्of robbers/bandits
दस्यूनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अ-विचारयन्not considering; without deliberation
अ-विचारयन्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअविचारयत् (वि-√चर् with causative/denominative sense) / अविचार (a- + विचार)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dasyu (bandits/robbers)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma includes maintaining public safety: when conditions are favorable and his strength is secure, he should act decisively and openly to suppress banditry, rather than delaying through indecision.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on rājadharma, he advises the ruler about timing and resolve: upon recognizing his own rising advantage, the king should commence direct action against robbers and marauders to restore order.