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Shloka 40

शल्यस्य सेनापत्याभ्युपगमः | Śalya’s Acceptance of Command

पितामहेन वृद्धेन तथा55चार्येण धीमता । जयद्रथेन कर्णेन तथा दुःशासनेन च

pitāmahena vṛddhena tathācāryeṇa dhīmatā | jayadrathena karṇena tathā duḥśāsanena ca |

سنجے نے کہا—بوڑھے پِتامہ بھیشم، دانا آچاریہ درون، جےدرَتھ، کرن اور دُہشاسن کے ساتھ—کیا ہم بھی اب اسی راہ پر چڑھیں جس پر دیوتاؤں کے وہ سورما جاتے ہیں جو جنگ میں کبھی پیٹھ نہیں دکھاتے؟

पितामहेनby/with the grandsire (Bhīṣma)
पितामहेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वृद्धेनby/with the aged (one)
वृद्धेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
आचार्येणby/with the teacher (Droṇa)
आचार्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धीमताby/with the wise
धीमता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जयद्रथेनby/with Jayadratha
जयद्रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्णेनby/with Karṇa
कर्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दुःशासनेनby/with Duḥśāsana
दुःशासनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma (pitāmaha)
D
Droṇa (ācārya)
J
Jayadratha
K
Karṇa
D
Duḥśāsana

Educational Q&A

The verse frames death in righteous combat as a culturally valorized ‘path’ for steadfast warriors—those who do not show their back in battle—while also conveying the moral weight and inevitability felt when great elders and champions have already fallen.

Sañjaya, reporting the war’s course, lists major Kaurava stalwarts (Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Jayadratha, Karṇa, Duḥśāsana) and voices the grim realization that the remaining warriors may soon follow them in death, on the same heroic path.