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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 34

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

कृष्णसारथिमायान्तं दृष्टवा श्वेतहयं रथम्‌ । अर्जुन चापि योद्धारं त्वदीया: प्राद्रवन्‌ भयात्‌

kṛṣṇasārathim āyāntaṃ dṛṣṭvā śvetahayaṃ ratham | arjunaṃ cāpi yoddhāraṃ tvadīyāḥ prādravan bhayāt ||

شری کرشن جن کے سارتھی ہیں، اس سفید گھوڑوں سے جتے رتھ کو اور اس پر سوار یودھا ارجن کو آتے دیکھ کر تمہارے سب رتھی خوف سے بھاگ کھڑے ہوئے۔

कृष्णसारथिम्him whose charioteer is Kṛṣṇa
कृष्णसारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आयान्तम्coming/approaching
आयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
श्वेतहयम्white-horsed (i.e., with white horses)
श्वेतहयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्वेतहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
योद्धारम्the warrior/fighter
योद्धारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्धृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्वदीयाःyour (men)
त्वदीयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राद्रवन्ran away/fled
प्राद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भयात्from fear/out of fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
W
white-horsed chariot
K
Kaurava chariot-warriors (tvadīyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Mere strength and numbers collapse when confronted by steadfast resolve supported by wise guidance. The verse highlights how moral confidence and inspired leadership (symbolized by Kṛṣṇa as sārathi) can shake opponents whose courage is rooted in ego or uncertainty.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that as Arjuna advances in his white-horsed chariot with Kṛṣṇa driving, the Kaurava chariot-warriors lose heart and flee, revealing panic in Duryodhana’s forces at Arjuna’s approach.

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