Shloka 1

Devanagari script

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके १५ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ६७ श्लोक हैं) नफमशा< (0) आज अन+- एकाशीतितमो<ध्याय: धृतराष्ट्रकी चिन्ता और उनका संजयके साथ वार्तालाप वैशम्पायन उवाच वन॑ गतेषु पार्थेषु निर्जितिषु दुरोदरे । धृतराष्ट्र महाराज तदा चिन्ता समाविशत्‌

Transliteration

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: vane gateṣu pārtheṣu nirjitiṣu dur-odare | dhṛtarāṣṭro mahārājas tadā cintā samāviśat ||

Translation

وَیشَمپایَن نے کہا—جب پرتھا کے بیٹے پانڈو دُرودَر کے ہلاکت خیز جُوئے میں ہار کر جنگل کو چلے گئے، تب مہاراج دھرتراشٹر گہری فکر و اضطراب میں مبتلا ہو گیا۔

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaishampayana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Singular

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• गतेषु: having gone (when they had gone)
• गतेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Locative, Plural

• पार्थेषु: the sons of Pritha (Pandavas)
• पार्थेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• निर्जितिषु: having been defeated
• निर्जितिषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + जि
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Locative, Plural

• दुरोदरे: in the evil game of dice
• दुरोदरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् + उदर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Dhritarashtra
• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महाराजम्: the great king
• महाराजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• चिन्ता: anxiety, worry
• चिन्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिन्ता
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• समाविशत्: entered, seized (him)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + विश्
• Form: Imperfect, 3, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• forest (vana)
• dice-game (dūra/akṣa; here dur-odara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Unrighteous gain does not yield security: victory achieved through a destructive, unethical act (the dice-game) immediately breeds fear and inner turmoil. The king’s anxiety signals the moral consequence that follows adharma, especially for rulers responsible for justice.

What is happening in the narrative?

After the Pāṇḍavas lose in the dice-game and depart for exile in the forest, Dhṛtarāṣṭra becomes deeply worried. This sets the stage for his conversation with Sañjaya and reveals the court’s unease after the wrongful outcome.