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Shloka 9

Sabhā-parva Adhyāya 63 — Draupadī’s Contested Status, Vidura’s Warning, and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Boons

महाराज प्रभवस्त्वं धनानां पुरा द्यूतान्मनसा यावदिच्छे: । बहुवित्तान्‌ पाण्डवां श्वेज्जयस्त्वं कि ते तत्‌ स्याद्‌ वसु विन्देह पार्थान्‌,महाराज! आप जूएसे पहले भी मनसे जितना धन चाहते, उतना धन पा सकते थे; यदि अत्यन्त धनवान्‌ पाण्डवोंको आपने जूएके द्वारा जीत ही लिया तो इससे आपका क्‍या होगा? कुन्तीके पुत्र स्वयं ही धनस्वरूप हैं। आप इन्हींको अपनाइये

mahārāja prabhavas tvaṁ dhanānāṁ purā dyūtān manasā yāvad iccheḥ | bahuvittān pāṇḍavān śva ejayas tvaṁ ki te tat syād vasu vindeha pārthān ||

وِدُر نے کہا—اے مہاراج! جُوے سے پہلے بھی آپ دولت کے مالک و قادر تھے؛ جتنا دل چاہتا، اتنا مال پا سکتے تھے۔ پھر اگر پاسوں سے بہت دولت مند پانڈوؤں کو بھی ‘جیت’ لیں تو اس سے آپ کو کیا حاصل ہوگا؟ کُنتی کے بیٹے خود ہی خزانہ ہیں؛ فریب سے نہیں، نیک نیتی اور محبت سے انہیں اپنا بنائیے۔

महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रभवःmaster; one capable (lord)
प्रभवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनानाम्of riches/wealth
धनानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
पुराformerly; before
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
द्यूतात्from gambling; from the dice-game
द्यूतात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मनसाby mind; mentally
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यावत्as much as; to the extent that
यावत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
इच्छेःyou desire
इच्छेः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहुवित्तान्very wealthy (ones)
बहुवित्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुवित्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्वःtomorrow; soon
श्वः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वः
एत्you went/attained (i.e., you would obtain)
एत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root
FormImperfect, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
जयःvictory; winning
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेto you; for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वसुwealth; treasure
वसु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विन्देहobtain; win; find
विन्देह:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थान्the sons of Pritha (the Pandavas)
पार्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pārthas (sons of Kuntī/Pṛthā)
D
Dice (dyūta)

Educational Q&A

Vidura warns that wealth gained through gambling and coercion is hollow; a king should seek true gain by righteous conduct and by winning people through goodwill. The Pāṇḍavas are ‘treasure’ in themselves—valuable allies and kin—so treating them as stakes in dice is ethically ruinous.

In the context of the dice-game episode in the royal assembly, Vidura addresses King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, questioning the point of trying to win the wealthy Pāṇḍavas by gambling. He urges the king to ‘obtain’ them in a better way—by embracing them as family rather than exploiting them as objects of play.