Shloka 13

Adhyāya 33: Antarvedī-Samāgama, Arghya-Nirṇaya, and Śiśupāla’s Objection

Devanagari script

उच्चावचमुपादाय धर्मराजाय माधव: । धनौघं पुरुषव्याप्रो बलेन महता55वृत:

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | uccāvacam upādāya dharmarājāya mādhavaḥ | dhanaughaṃ puruṣavyāghro balena mahatā vṛtaḥ ||

Translation

وَیشَمپایَن نے کہا— مادھو دھرم راج کے لیے طرح طرح کے تحفے لے کر، دولت کے سیلاب جیسا انبار ساتھ لیے، مردوں میں ببر شیر کی مانند، عظیم قوت سے گھرا ہوا وہاں آیا۔

Word by Word

• उच्चावचम्: various (high and low), diverse
• उच्चावचम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उच्चावच
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपादाय: having taken, taking up
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-दा
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• धर्मराजाय: to Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)
• धर्मराजाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• माधवः: Madhava (Krishna)
• माधवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धनौघम्: a mass/heap of wealth
• धनौघम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनौघ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुरुषव्याघ्रः: tiger among men (hero)
• पुरुषव्याघ्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषव्याघ्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बलेन: with strength/force
• बलेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• महता: great, large
• महता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• वृतः: surrounded, accompanied
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वरणे) / वृत (ppp)
• Form: Past Passive Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ethical kingship and alliance-dharma: honouring a righteous ruler with appropriate offerings, and the responsibility of powerful allies to support stability and protection, not merely display wealth.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava), accompanied by a large force, arrives bringing abundant and varied wealth as gifts for Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira), signalling support and honour in a royal-political context.