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Shloka 51

Jarāsandha–Bhīma Niyuddha-prastāvaḥ

Commencement of the Regulated Duel

पुष्पवत्सु ध्रुवा श्रीक्ष पुष्पवन्तस्ततो वयम्‌ । क्षत्रियो बाहुवीर्यस्तु न तथा वाक्यवीर्यवान्‌ | अप्रगल्भं वचस्तस्य तस्माद्‌ बार्हद्रथेरितम्‌,जो पुष्प धारण करनेवाले हैं, उनमें लक्ष्मीका निवास ध्रुव है, इसीलिये हमलोग पुष्पमालाधारी हैं। क्षत्रियका बल और पराक्रम उसकी भुजाओंमें होता है, वह बोलनेमें वैसा वीर नहीं होता। बृहद्रथनन्दन! इसीलिये क्षत्रियका वचन धृष्टतारहित (विनययुक्त) बताया गया है

puṣpavatsu dhruvā śrīḥ kṣa puṣpavantastato vayam | kṣatriyo bāhuvīryas tu na tathā vākyavīryavān | apragalbhaṃ vacas tasya tasmād bārhadratheritam ||

شری کرشن نے کہا—جہاں پھول ہوں وہاں شری/لکشمی کا قیام ثابت مانا گیا ہے؛ اسی لیے ہم گل ہار پہنے ہوئے ہیں۔ کشتری کی قوت بازوؤں میں ہوتی ہے، گفتار کے تفاخر میں نہیں۔ پس اے برہدرتھ کے فرزند، کشتری کا کلام بےجسارت—ضبط اور شائستگی سے آراستہ—کہا گیا ہے۔

पुष्पवत्सुamong those having flowers
पुष्पवत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपुष्पवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
ध्रुवाcertain, fixed
ध्रुवा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
श्रीःfortune, Lakshmi
श्रीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुष्पवन्तःflower-bearing, garlanded
पुष्पवन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुष्पवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ततःtherefore, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाहुवीर्यःwhose strength is in his arms
बाहुवीर्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबाहुवीर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाthus, in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वाक्यवीर्यवान्strong/heroic in speech
वाक्यवीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक्यवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रगल्भम्not forward, modest
अप्रगल्भम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रगल्भ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
बार्हद्रथO son/descendant of Brihadratha
बार्हद्रथ:
TypeNoun (Proper/Patronymic)
Rootबार्हद्रथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ईरितम्is said, has been stated
ईरितम्:
TypeVerb (Past Passive Participle)
Rootईरित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
Ś
Śrī (Lakṣmī)
K
kṣatriya
F
flowers/garlands
B
Bārhadratha (descendant of Bṛhadratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts martial strength with verbal aggression: a kṣatriya’s excellence is in disciplined action and protection, so his speech should be restrained and courteous (apragalbha), not boastful or impudent.

Śrī Kṛṣṇa addresses a person called “Bārhadratha,” explaining why they wear flower garlands as auspicious, and then uses that point to teach a norm of kṣatriya conduct—valor in arms, modesty in words.