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Mahabharata 7.18.23Drona Parva, Adhyaya 18, Shloka 23

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय १८: संशप्तकगणयुद्धे अर्जुनस्यास्त्रप्रयोगः

Drona Parva, Chapter 18: Arjuna’s astra-deployment against the Saṃśaptakas

तस्मिन्निपतिते वीरे त्रस्तास्तस्य पदानुगा: । व्यद्रवन्त भयाद्‌ भीता यत्र दौर्योधनं बलम्‌

tasmin nipatite vīre trastās tasya padānugāḥ | vyadravanta bhayād bhītā yatra dauryodhanaṃ balam ||

جب وہ بہادر گرا تو اُس کے پیروکار گھبرا گئے؛ خوف سے لرزتے ہوئے وہ فوراً بھاگ نکلے، وہاں جہاں دُریودھن کی بڑی فوج موجود تھی۔

तस्मिन्in that (situation/place)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
निपतितेhaving fallen
निपतिते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
वीरेin/when the hero
वीरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पदानुगाःfollowers (those who go after his footsteps)
पदानुगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदानुग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यद्रवन्तthey ran away
व्यद्रवन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भीताःafraid
भीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभी
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
दौर्योधनम्Duryodhana's (force/side) / the Duryodhana-host
दौर्योधनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदौर्योधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
T
the fallen hero/warrior (unnamed in this verse)
F
followers/soldiers (padānugāḥ)
D
Duryodhana’s army (balam)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and psychological reality that courage in war is often collective and leader-dependent: when a prominent warrior falls, followers may abandon resolve and seek refuge with a stronger formation. It implicitly contrasts fear-driven flight with the steadiness expected in kṣatriya-dharma.

Sañjaya reports that after a certain hero is struck down and lies fallen, the troops who had been following him become frightened and scatter. They run toward the sector where Duryodhana’s main army is positioned, seeking protection and regrouping.

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