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Mahabharata 7.16.19Drona Parva, Adhyaya 16, Shloka 19

Adhyāya 16: Saṃśaptaka-vrata and the Diversion of Arjuna (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय १६)

(भारद्वाजममर्षश्न विक्रमश्न समाविशत्‌ । समुद्धृत्य निषड्भाच्च धनुर्ज्यामवमृज्य च ।।

sañjaya uvāca |

tataḥ śoṇahayaḥ kruddhaś caturdanta iva dvipaḥ |

praviśya pāṇḍavānīkaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram upādravat ||

سنجے نے کہا—تب سرخ گھوڑوں والے رتھ پر سوار، غضبناک درون آچاریہ چار دانتوں والے گجراج کی مانند پانڈوؤں کے لشکری صف بند میں گھس پڑے اور سیدھے دھرم راج یدھشٹھِر پر چڑھ دوڑے۔

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
शोणहयःone having red horses (Drona)
शोणहयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोणहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चतुर्दन्तःfour-tusked (like an elephant)
चतुर्दन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्दन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
द्विपःelephant
द्विपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रविश्यhaving entered
प्रविश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormGerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada
पाण्डवानीकम्the Pandava army/host
पाण्डवानीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डवानीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाद्रवत्rushed/charged at
उपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Dronācārya)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍava army (Pāṇḍavānīka)
R
Red horses (śoṇahayāḥ)
E
Elephant (dvipa) imagery

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how a leader’s wrath and resolve can decisively shape the battlefield: by targeting the opposing king (Yudhiṣṭhira), Droṇa aims at the moral and strategic center of the enemy. Implicitly, it warns that krodha (anger) is a powerful force in war—effective in action, yet ethically fraught—testing dharma amid violence.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa, furious, breaks into the Pāṇḍava ranks like a mighty four-tusked elephant and charges directly toward King Yudhiṣṭhira, signaling an aggressive attempt to disrupt the Pāṇḍava command and morale.

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