Mahabharata 7.145.52 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 145, Shloka 52

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणाभिमुख्यं तथा सात्यकि-कर्ण-समागमः

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s advance toward Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Karṇa confrontation

Devanagari script

वार्यमाण: स कृष्णेन पार्थेन च महात्मना । भीमेन चक्ररक्षाभ्याम श्वत्थाम्ना कृपेण च

Transliteration

vāryamāṇaḥ sa kṛṣṇena pārthena ca mahātmanā | bhīmena cakrarakṣābhyām aśvatthāmnā kṛpeṇa ca ||

Translation

سنجے نے کہا— اگرچہ کرشن، عظیم النفس پارتھ (ارجن)، بھیم، رتھ کے پہیے کے دو محافظ (یودھامنیُو اور اُتّمَوجا)، اشوتھاما اور کرپ اسے روکتے رہے، پھر بھی وہ باز نہ آیا۔ یہ میدانِ جنگ میں دھرم کی ایک سخت آزمائش تھی: جہاں بڑے بڑے سورما ضبط و تحمل کی تلقین کرتے ہیں، وہاں بھی غضب کا سیلاب اور عوامی شور ایک جنگجو کو ایسے فعل کی طرف دھکیل دیتا ہے جسے دھرم کے خلاف سمجھا جائے—خصوصاً جب سامنے ورت میں بیٹھا ہوا اور کمزور دشمن ہو۔

Word by Word

• वार्यमाणः: being restrained / being prevented
• वार्यमाणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वार्य (√वृ/√वार् caus. 'to restrain')
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृष्णेन: by Krishna
• कृष्णेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• पार्थेन: by Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महात्मना: by the great-souled one
• महात्मना: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• भीमेन: by Bhima
• भीमेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• चक्ररक्षाभ्याम्: by the two (who were) protectors of the wheel-formation
• चक्ररक्षाभ्याम्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्ररक्षा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Dual

• श्वत्थाम्ना: by Ashvatthaman
• श्वत्थाम्ना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वत्थामन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• कृपेण: by Kripa
• कृपेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛṣṇa
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Bhīma
• Cakrarakṣau (Yudhāmanyu and Uttamaujā)
• Aśvatthāman
• Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
• Sātyaki (implied by context of restraint in this episode)
• Bhūriśravas (implied by context of the disputed killing)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical weight of restraint in war: even when authoritative figures urge a warrior to stop, anger and factional pressure can override conscience. It frames the coming act as one that will be evaluated against dharma, especially regarding the treatment of a vulnerable or vow-bound opponent.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Bhūriśravas–Sātyaki confrontation, Sātyaki is being physically and verbally restrained by major warriors—Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, Bhīma, the two wheel-guards (Yudhāmanyu and Uttamaujā), Aśvatthāman, and Kṛpa—yet he persists, leading into the controversial killing of Bhūriśravas described in the surrounding passage.