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Shloka 4

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

भवन्तं समुपश्रित्य वासुदेवं यथा परै: । पाण्डवैर्विग्रहो घोर: समारब्धो मया प्रभो,कथयामास दुर्धर्षो विनि:श्वस्य पुनः पुनः । संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाला राजा दुर्योधन उस महान्‌ युद्धमें एक राक्षसके द्वारा प्राप्त हुई अपनी पराजयको नहीं सह सका। उसने गंगानन्दन भीष्मजीके पास जाकर उन्हें विनीतभावसे प्रणाम करनेके पश्चात्‌ सारा वृत्तान्त यथावत्‌ रूपसे कह सुनाया। उस दुर्धर्ष वीरने बारंबार लम्बी साँस खींचकर घटोत्कचकी विजय और अपनी पराजयकी कथा कही राजन्‌! फिर उसने कुरुकुलके वृद्ध पितामह भीष्मसे कहा--'प्रभो! जैसे मेरे शत्रु वसुदेवनन्दन श्रीकृष्णका आश्रय लेकर युद्ध करते हैं, उसी प्रकार मैंने केवल आपका सहारा लेकर पाण्डवोंके साथ भयंकर युद्ध छेड़ा है

sañjaya uvāca |

bhavantaṃ samupāśritya vāsudevaṃ yathā paraiḥ |

pāṇḍavair vigraho ghoraḥ samārabdho mayā prabho |

kathayāmāsa durdharṣo viniḥśvasya punaḥ punaḥ |

سنجے نے کہا: “اے آقا! جیسے میرے دشمن واسودیو (شری کرشن) کی پناہ لے کر جنگ کرتے ہیں، ویسے ہی میں نے بھی صرف آپ ہی کے سہارے پانڈوؤں کے ساتھ یہ ہولناک معرکہ چھیڑا ہے۔” یہ کہہ کر ناقابلِ تسخیر دُریودھن بار بار گہری آہیں بھرتا رہا—اپنے غرور، انحصار اور ایک بزرگِ معظم کی پناہ میں شروع کی گئی جنگ کے اخلاقی بوجھ کو عیاں کرتا ہوا۔

भवन्तम्you (honored one)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
समुपश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in / having approached
समुपश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+उप+आ+श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
वासुदेवम्Vasudeva (Krishna)
वासुदेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यथाas / just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
परैःby the others / by the enemies
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
पाण्डवैःwith/by the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
विग्रहःconflict / battle
विग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविग्रह
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
घोरःterrible
घोरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
समारब्धःbegun / undertaken
समारब्धः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+आ+रभ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formcommon, instrumental, singular
प्रभोO lord / O master
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
कथयामासhe related / he told
कथयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (कथ् caus.)
Formलिट् (periphrastic perfect), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
दुर्धर्षःthe unassailable one
दुर्धर्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धर्ष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विनिःश्वस्यhaving sighed / breathing out
विनिःश्वस्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+निः+श्वस्
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive form in -य), non-finite
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
Bhīṣma (implied as the one addressed as prabho/bhavān in context)
D
Duryodhana (implied as durdharṣaḥ in context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ‘āśraya’ (refuge/dependence) as a decisive moral and strategic factor in war: the Pāṇḍavas rely on Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva), while Duryodhana claims reliance on Bhīṣma. It implicitly contrasts divine-guided counsel with dependence on mere martial authority, and shows how inner agitation (repeated sighing) accompanies choices driven by pride and rivalry.

Sañjaya reports that the formidable speaker (contextually Duryodhana) addresses an elder commander (contextually Bhīṣma), saying that just as the opponents fight under Kṛṣṇa’s protection, he has initiated a terrible war against the Pāṇḍavas relying on Bhīṣma. His repeated deep sighs signal distress and frustration as he recounts events and seeks support.