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Shloka 127

Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava

श्वरकड़्कशालावृकगृध्रकाकै: क्रव्यादसड्घैश्न तरक्षुभिश्न । उपेतकूलां ददृशुर्मनुष्या: क्रूरां महावैतरणीप्रकाशाम्‌,उसके दोनों किनारोंपर कुत्ते, कौवे, भेड़िये, गीध, कंक, तरक्षु- तथा अन्यान्य मांसभक्षी जन्तु निवास करते थे। उस भयानक नदीको लोगोंने महावैतरणीके समान देखा

sañjaya uvāca | śvarakaṅkaśālāvṛkagṛdhrakākaiḥ kravyādasaṅghaiś ca tarakṣubhiś ca | upetakūlāṃ dadṛśur manuṣyāḥ krūrāṃ mahāvaitaraṇīprakāśām ||

سنجے نے کہا—اس کے دونوں کناروں پر کتے، کوّے، بھیڑیے، گِدھ، کنک اور لکڑبگھے سمیت گوشت خور جانوروں کے غول آباد تھے۔ لوگوں نے اس سفّاک دریا کو مہاویتَرَنی کے مانند دیکھا۔

श्वby dogs
श्व:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कर्कशby herons (karkaśa)
कर्कश:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्कश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शालावृकby jackals
शालावृक:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशालावृक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गृध्रby vultures
गृध्र:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगृध्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
काकby crows
काक:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्रव्यादby flesh-eaters
क्रव्याद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रव्याद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सङ्घैःby groups
सङ्घैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्घ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and / also
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तरक्षुभिःby hyenas (tarakṣu)
तरक्षुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरक्षु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उपेतapproached / reached
उपेत:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-इ (उपेत)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कूलाम्bank/shore (having banks)
कूलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकूल
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ददृशुःsaw
ददृशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect, 3, Plural
मनुष्याःmen/people
मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्रूराम्cruel/terrible
क्रूराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
महावैतरणीof the great Vaitaraṇī (river of hell)
महावैतरणी:
TypeNoun
Rootमहावैतरणी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
प्रकाशाम्resembling / having the appearance
प्रकाशाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकाश
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Mahā-Vaitaraṇī (Vaitaraṇī river, infernal comparison)
D
dogs
C
crows
W
wolves
V
vultures
K
kanka birds
H
hyenas
F
flesh-eating scavengers

Educational Q&A

The verse uses hell-river imagery (Vaitaraṇī) to underline the ethical degradation and karmic dread associated with mass violence: when adharma and slaughter dominate, the world itself seems to resemble a realm of punishment, crowded by scavengers drawn to death.

Sañjaya reports a terrifying sight: a river whose banks are lined with carrion-eating animals and birds—dogs, crows, wolves, vultures, kankas, hyenas—so dreadful that it appears like the great Vaitaraṇī, an infernal river in traditional imagination.