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Shloka 13

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

चतुर्थ: पुष्पवान्‌ नाम पञ्चमस्तु कुशेशय: । षष्ठो हरिगिरिराम षडेते पर्वतोत्तमा:,तृतीयं सुरथाकारं चतुर्थ कम्बलं स्मृतम्‌ । धृतिमत्‌ पज्चमं वर्ष षष्ठ॑ वर्ष प्रभाकरम्‌ तीसरेका नाम सुरथाकार, चौथेका कम्बल, पाँचवेंका धृतिमान्‌ और छठे वर्षका नाम प्रभाकर है

caturthaḥ puṣpavān nāma pañcamas tu kuśeśayaḥ | ṣaṣṭho harigirirāma ṣaḍete parvatottamāḥ | tṛtīyaṃ surathākāraṃ caturthaṃ kambalaṃ smṛtam | dhṛtimat pañcamaṃ varṣa ṣaṣṭhaṃ varṣa prabhākaram |

سنجے نے کہا—چوتھا پہاڑ ‘پُشپوان’ ہے، پانچواں ‘کُشیشَی’ اور چھٹا ‘ہری گِری’ نام کا؛ یہ چھے پہاڑ برترین مانے گئے ہیں۔ اسی طرح تیسرا وَرش ‘سُرَتھاکار’، چوتھا ‘کمبل’، پانچواں ‘دھرتِمَت’ اور چھٹا وَرش ‘پربھاکر’ کہلاتا ہے۔

चतुर्थःthe fourth
चतुर्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुष्पवान्Puṣpavān (name)
पुष्पवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्पवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चमःthe fifth
पञ्चमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुand/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कुशेशयःKuśeśaya (name)
कुशेशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुशेशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
षष्ठःthe sixth
षष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हरिगिरिःHarigiri (name; lit. 'Viṣṇu-mountain')
हरिगिरिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहरिगिरि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
षट्six
षट्:
Karta
TypeNumeral
Rootषट्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पर्वतmountains
पर्वत:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उत्तमाःexcellent / best
उत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तृतीयम्the third (one)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुरथाकारम्Surathākāra (name; lit. 'maker of good chariots')
सुरथाकारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरथाकार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्थम्the fourth (one)
चतुर्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कम्बलम्Kambala (name)
कम्बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकम्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्मृतम्is remembered / is said to be
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
धृतिमत्Dhṛtimat (name; 'possessing fortitude')
धृतिमत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृतिमत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चमम्the fifth (one)
पञ्चमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्region/varṣa (division of land)
वर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
षष्ठम्the sixth (one)
षष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्region/varṣa
वर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रभाकरम्Prabhākara (name; 'maker of light' / 'sun')
प्रभाकरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभाकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Puṣpavān
K
Kuśeśaya
H
Harigirirāma
S
Surathākāra
K
Kambala
D
Dhṛtimat
P
Prabhākara
P
parvatottamāḥ (excellent mountains)
V
varṣa (geographical region)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than prescriptive: it models the epic’s concern for ordered knowledge—naming and classifying mountains and regions—supporting the larger narrative by situating events within a vast, structured world.

Sañjaya continues an enumeration, listing the names of certain ‘excellent mountains’ and then naming successive varṣas (regions), giving a catalog-like geographical/cosmographical description within Bhīṣma Parva.