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Shloka 55

दानफलप्रकरणम् — उपानहदानं, तिलदानं, भूमिदानं, गोदानं, अन्नदानं च

Gifts and Their Stated Results: Footwear, Sesame, Land, Cows, and Food

ब॒हस्पतिर्वाच सुवर्णदानं गोदानं भूमिदानं च वृत्रहन्‌ (विद्यादानं च कन्यानां दानं पापहरं परम्‌ ।) दददेतान्‌ महाप्राज्ञ: सर्वपापै: प्रमुच्यते

bṛhaspatir uvāca suvarṇadānaṁ godānaṁ bhūmidānaṁ ca vṛtrahan (vidyādānaṁ ca kanyānāṁ dānaṁ pāpaharaṁ param) dadad etān mahāprājñaḥ sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate

بृहسپتی نے کہا—اے ورت्रہن اندرا! سونے کا دان، گایوں کا دان، زمین کا دان، نیز ودیا دان اور کنیا دان—یہ سب اعلیٰ ترین پاپ ہارک مانے گئے ہیں۔ جو نہایت دانا مرد یہ سب دان کرتا ہے، وہ تمام گناہوں سے چھوٹ جاتا ہے۔

बृहस्पतिःBṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha/लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुवर्णदानम्gift of gold
सुवर्णदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्णदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गोदानम्gift of cows
गोदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भूमिदानम्gift of land
भूमिदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृत्रहन्O slayer of Vṛtra (Indra)
वृत्रहन्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्रहन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विद्यादानम्gift of knowledge/education
विद्यादानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविद्यादान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कन्यानाम्of maidens/daughters
कन्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
दानम्gift (here: giving in marriage)
दानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पापहरम्sin-destroying
पापहरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपापहर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme/most excellent
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददत्giving
ददत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महाप्राज्ञःvery wise (man)
महाप्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वपापैःfrom all sins
सर्वपापैः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वपाप
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
प्रमुच्यतेis released/freed
प्रमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bṛhaspati
I
Indra (Vṛtrahan)
V
Vṛtra
G
gold
C
cows
L
land
K
knowledge (vidyā)
M
maiden/daughter (kanyā)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that certain forms of dāna—gold, cows, land, knowledge, and kanyādāna—are considered exceptionally powerful for moral purification, and that a wise giver is said to be freed from sins through such generosity.

Within Bhīṣma’s discourse on dharma, a statement attributed to Bṛhaspati is cited, addressed to Indra (called Vṛtrahan), listing major meritorious gifts and asserting their sin-destroying efficacy.