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Shloka 33

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

न तस्यां जातु तिष्ठन्त्यामन्या तत्‌ कर्तुमहति । ब्राह्मणी त्वेव कुर्याद्‌ वा ब्राह्मणस्य युधिष्ठिर

na tasyāṃ jātu tiṣṭhantyām anyā tat kartum arhati | brāhmaṇī tv eva kuryād vā brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے یُدھشٹھِر! جب تک برہمنی (بیوی) موجود ہو، کسی دوسری عورت کو اُن فرائض کے ادا کرنے کا حق نہیں۔ برہمن شوہر کے لیے شاستروکت خدمتیں—اسے غسل کرانا، سنگھار کا سامان پیش کرنا، دانت صاف کرنے کے لیے داتن اور منجن دینا، آنکھوں میں اَنجن لگانا، روزانہ ہَون اور پوجا کے وقت ہویہ-کویہ کا سامان مہیا کرنا، اور گھر کے دیگر دھرم کرموں کی انجام دہی میں مدد دینا—یہ سب برہمنی ہی کو کرنا چاہیے۔

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्याम्in her / when she is present
तस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
तिष्ठन्त्याम्while (she) is standing/remaining (i.e., while she is alive/present)
तिष्ठन्त्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ)
FormPresent active participle, Feminine, Locative, Singular
अन्याanother (woman)
अन्या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (act/duty)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हतिis entitled / is fit
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent indicative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणीa Brahmin woman (wife of a Brahmin)
ब्राह्मणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एवonly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (vidhilin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाor (emphatic/optional particle)
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
brāhmaṇī (Brahmin wife)
B
brāhmaṇa (Brahmin husband)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts an exclusivity of household-religious service within the Brahmin household: when the Brahmin wife is present, she alone is considered entitled to perform the prescribed domestic and ritual services for her Brahmin husband, reflecting the text’s varṇāśrama-based norms of duty and propriety.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he specifies a rule about who may perform certain household and ritual duties in a Brahmin home, emphasizing that these are to be done by the brāhmaṇī herself and not by another woman while she is present.