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Shloka 17

अहिंसयित्वा ब्रह्महत्याविधानम् / Brahmahatyā incurred without physical violence

भीष्म उवाच आदिष्टिनो ये राजेन्द्र ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगा: । भुज्जते ब्रह्म॒कामाय व्रतलुप्ता भवन्ति ते

bhīṣma uvāca | ādiṣṭino ye rājendra brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ | bhuñjate brahmakāmāya vrataluptā bhavanti te ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے راجندر! جو ‘آدِشْٹِن’ برہمن ویدوں کے پارنگت ہیں اور گرو کے حکم سے مقررہ مدت تک برہماچریہ کے ورت میں بندھے ہیں، اگر وہ یجمان کی برہمنوں کو دان دینے کی خواہش پوری کرنے کے لیے شرادھ میں کھانا کھائیں تو ان کا اپنا ورت متاثر ہو جاتا ہے؛ قصور کھانے والے کا ہے، دان دینے والے کی نیت کا نہیں۔

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आदिष्टिनःthose who are enjoined/appointed (as vowed students)
आदिष्टिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदिष्टिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदपारगाःversed in the Vedas
वेदपारगाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवेदपारग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भुञ्जतेthey eat/partake
भुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
ब्रह्मकामायfor (the sake of) the desire to give to Brahmins / for fulfilling a Brahmin-related wish
ब्रह्मकामाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मकाम
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
व्रतलुप्ताःhaving their vow broken/ruined
व्रतलुप्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्रतलुप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king (addressed as Rājendra)
B
Brahmins (ādiṣṭin, vedapāragāḥ)
V
Vedas
V
vrata (brahmacarya vow)
Ś
śrāddha (implied by context in the cited Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

A disciplined vow (vrata), especially brahmacarya under a teacher’s injunction, must not be compromised for social convenience. Even if a patron wishes to complete a rite by feeding Brahmins, the vow-holder must protect his own dharma; ethical responsibility is tied to one’s own observance, not merely to pleasing others.

Bhishma instructs the king about ritual and conduct: certain Brahmins (ādiṣṭin students under strict brahmacarya) should not eat in a śrāddha setting just to fulfill the patron’s desire to donate. If they do, their personal vow is considered lapsed—highlighting boundaries between donor’s rite and the recipient’s discipline.