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Shloka 39

अतिथीनां च सर्वेषां प्रेष्याणां स्वजनस्य च । तथा शरणकामानां गोप्ता स्यात्‌ स्वागतप्रद:

atithīnāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ preṣyāṇāṃ svajanasya ca | tathā śaraṇakāmānāṃ goptā syāt svāgatapradaḥ ||

بھیشم نے کہا—سَت پُرش کو چاہیے کہ وہ تمام مہمانوں، گھر کے خادموں، اپنے عزیزوں اور پناہ چاہنے والوں کا محافظ بنے اور ان کا شایانِ شان استقبال کرے؛ جو محتاجِ سہارا لوگوں کی حفاظت کرتا ہے، وہی دھرماتما ہے۔

अतिथीनाम्of guests
अतिथीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रेष्याणाम्of servants/attendants
प्रेष्याणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
स्वजनस्यof one’s own people/kinsman
स्वजनस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वजन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शरणकामानाम्of those seeking refuge
शरणकामानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशरणकाम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गोप्ताprotector/guardian
गोप्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वागतप्रदःone who offers welcome
स्वागतप्रदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वागतप्रद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
atithi (guest)
P
preṣya (servant/attendant)
S
svajana (kinsman/one’s own people)
Ś
śaraṇakāma (refuge-seeker)

Educational Q&A

One should uphold dharma by protecting and warmly receiving those who depend on one’s care—guests, household workers, one’s own kin, and especially people seeking refuge. Hospitality is not merely courtesy; it includes guardianship and responsibility.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising on righteous conduct. Here he states a normative rule for the satpuruṣa (good person): to be a protector and giver of welcome to guests, dependents, relatives, and refuge-seekers.