Shloka 48

अध्याय १६ — शङ्कर-उमा-वरदानम् तथा तण्डि-स्तुतिः (Śaṅkara–Umā Boon-Granting and Taṇḍi’s Hymn)

Devanagari script

यजुर्भियत्र्तरिधा वेद्यं जुद्धत्यध्वर्यवो5ध्वरे । सामभिर्य॑ च गायन्ति सामगा: शुद्धबुद्धयः

Transliteration

yajurbhir yatra tridhā vedyam śuddhyaty adhvaryavo 'dhvare | sāmabhir ya ca gāyanti sāmagāḥ śuddha-buddhayaḥ ||

Translation

وایو نے کہا—اسی مقدّس یَجْن میں اَدھوریو یاجک یجُس منتر کے ذریعے ویدی کو تین طرح سے پاک کرتے ہیں۔ اور وہیں شُدھ بُدھی والے سامگایک سام کے ستوتر گاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• यजुर्भिः: with Yajus (Yajurvedic) mantras
• यजुर्भिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजुस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र

• त्रिधा: in three ways / threefold
• त्रिधा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रिधा

• वेद्यम्: the altar / sacrificial ground (vedi)
• वेद्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• शुद्ध्यति: is purified / becomes pure
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुध्
• Form: Present, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अध्वर्यवः: the Adhvaryu priests
• अध्वर्यवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर्यु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अध्वरे: in the sacrifice
• अध्वरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सामभिः: with Sāman chants
• सामभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• ये: who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• गायन्ति: sing / chant
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै
• Form: Present, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सामगाः: Sāmaga singers (Sāmavedic chanters)
• सामगाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शुद्धबुद्धयः: of pure understanding / pure-minded
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुद्धबुद्धि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
• यजुर्वेद (Yajurveda)
• सामवेद (Sāmaveda)
• अध्वर्यु (Adhvaryu priests)
• सामग (Sāma-chanters)
• वेदी (sacrificial altar/vedi)
• अध्वर (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links outer ritual purity with inner purity: the sacrifice is properly established when the altar is ritually purified through Yajus-formulas and when Sāma-hymns are sung by chanters whose minds are themselves purified. Correct performance (karma) and purified intention/understanding (buddhi) together uphold dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva describes the functioning of a Vedic sacrifice: Adhvaryu priests employ Yajurveda formulas to purify and prepare the altar in a threefold manner, while Sāmaveda chanters sing the Sāman melodies. The description emphasizes the coordinated roles of different Vedic specialists and the sanctity of the rite.