Shloka 37

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

Devanagari script

श्रूयतां तस्य दानस्य यादृशो गुणविस्तर: । कृतं तेन महच्छाद्धं वर्षाणीह त्रयोदश

Transliteration

śrūyatāṁ tasya dānasya yādṛśo guṇavistaraḥ | kṛtaṁ tena mahācchāddhaṁ varṣāṇīha trayodaśa ||

Translation

وشوامتر نے کہا—اس عطیہ کے اوصاف اور اس کے ثواب کی وسعت سنو۔ اسی عطیہ کے سبب اس مرد نے اسی دنیا میں پِتروں کے لیے تیرہ برس تک کا عظیم شرادھ گویا ادا کر دیا۔

Word by Word

• श्रूयताम्: let it be heard / hear (you all)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन

• तस्य: of that
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• दानस्य: of the gift/charity
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• यादृशः: what kind of / such as
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यादृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गुण-विस्तरः: the detailed account of merits/qualities
• गुण-विस्तरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुणविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृतम्: done / performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त, नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तेन: by him / by that (person)
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite (for ancestors)
• श्राद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वर्षाणि: years
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• इह: here / in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• त्रयोदश: thirteen
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रयोदश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (वर्षाणि इति विशेषणम्)

Speaker

विश्वामित्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• dāna (gift/charity)
• śrāddha (ancestral rite)
• Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes that a properly directed act of charity connected with ancestral duty (pitṛ-kārya) carries an extensive, measurable spiritual efficacy: it can be equivalent to performing major śrāddha-observances over a long span (here, thirteen years).

What is happening in the narrative?

Viśvāmitra continues an instruction on the fruits of a specific kind of gift. He calls the audience to listen and declares the result: the giver’s single act is credited as having completed a great śrāddha for the ancestors for thirteen years.