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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 122 — Śruta-vṛtta-yukta Brāhmaṇa and the Ethics of Dāna

Maitreya–Vyāsa Saṃvāda

तमृषिं द्रष्टमगमत्‌ सर्वास्वन्यासु योनिषु । श्वाविद्वोधावराहाणां तथैव मृगपक्षिणाम्‌

tam ṛṣiṁ draṣṭum agamat sarvāsv anyāsu yoniṣu | śvāvid-uddhā-varāhāṇāṁ tathaiva mṛga-pakṣiṇām | śvapāka-śūdra-vaiśyānāṁ kṣatriyāṇāṁ ca yoniṣu |

ویاس نے کہا—وہ اُس رِشی کے درشن کے لیے گیا؛ مگر اس سے پہلے وہ بہت سی یونیوں میں بھٹکا—سہی، گوہ، ورَاہ؛ اسی طرح ہرنوں اور پرندوں میں بھی؛ اور شواپاک، شودر، ویشیہ اور کشتریہ کی یونیوں میں بھی۔ یوں بے شمار یونیوں میں گردش کے بعد آخر وہ کشتریہ خاندان میں پیدا ہوا؛ اور امیت تیز والے ویاس کی عنایت سے وہ اُس رِشی کے درشن کو روانہ ہوا۔

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋषिम्sage
ऋषिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormTumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (infinitive)
अगमत्went
अगमत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormAorist (Luṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वासुin all
सर्वासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
अन्यासुin other
अन्यासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
योनिषुwombs/births/species
योनिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
श्वाविद्वोधावराहाणाम्of porcupines, (vodhā-) and boars
श्वाविद्वोधावराहाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वाविद् + वोधा + वराह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मृगपक्षिणाम्of beasts and birds
मृगपक्षिणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृग + पक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्वपाकशूद्रवैश्यानाम्of caṇḍālas, śūdras, and vaiśyas
श्वपाकशूद्रवैश्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वपाक + शूद्र + वैश्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
क्षत्रियाणाम्of kṣatriyas
क्षत्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
योनिषुin wombs/births
योनिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
A
a sage (ṛṣi)
P
porcupine (śvāvid)
C
camel (uṣṭra/uddhā)
B
boar (varāha)
D
deer/wild animals (mṛga)
B
birds (pakṣin)
Ś
śvapāka/caṇḍāla (outcaste)
Ś
Śūdra
V
Vaiśya
K
Kṣatriya

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores karmic causality and the long arc of rebirth: a being may traverse many forms of existence, and only after such experience—assisted by the grace of a realized guide like Vyāsa—attains a human birth conducive to seeking sages and higher dharma.

Vyāsa narrates that a person (previously moving through many animal and human social births) is finally born as a Kṣatriya; then, in that life, he goes to meet and behold a particular ṛṣi, implying a turning toward instruction, purification, or resolution of a prior account.