Shloka 1
चतुर्युगाख्यान (Caturyuga-Ākhyāna) — Yuga-wise Origins and Measurements of Beings
Devanagari script
इति श्रीब्रह्माण्डे महापुराणे वायुप्रोक्ते पूर्वभागे द्वितीये ऽनुषङ्गपादे चतुर्युगाख्यानं नामैकत्रिंशत्तमो ऽध्यायः सूत उवाच युगेषु यास्तु जायन्ते प्रजास्ता मे निबोधत / आसुरी सर्पगान्धर्वा पैशाची यक्षराक्षसी
Transliteration
iti śrībrahmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte pūrvabhāge dvitīye 'nuṣaṅgapāde caturyugākhyānaṃ nāmaikatriṃśattamo 'dhyāyaḥ sūta uvāca yugeṣu yāstu jāyante prajāstā me nibodhata / āsurī sarpagāndharvā paiśācī yakṣarākṣasī
Translation
یوں شری برہمانڈ مہاپُران کے وایو پروکت پورو بھاگ کے دوسرے انوشنگ پاد میں ‘چتُریُگ آکھ्यान’ نامی اکتیسواں ادھیائے۔ سوت نے کہا—یُگوں میں جو جو پرجائیں پیدا ہوتی ہیں، مجھ سے سنو: آسُری، سانپ، گندھرو، پَیشاچی اور یکش-راکششنی۔
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
śrī-brahmāṇḍein the revered Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
śrī-brahmāṇḍe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-brahmāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: śrī + brahmāṇḍa
mahā-purāṇein the great Purāṇa
mahā-purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular; karmadhāraya: mahā + purāṇa
vāyu-proktespoken by Vāyu
vāyu-prokte:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu-prokta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular; tatpuruṣa: vāyu + prokta (spoken by Vāyu)
pūrva-bhāgein the former section
pūrva-bhāge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva-bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; tatpuruṣa: pūrva + bhāga
dvitīyein the second
dvitīye:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; ordinal adjective qualifying bhāga/pāda contextually
anuṣaṅga-pādein the Anuṣaṅga-pāda
anuṣaṅga-pāde:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootanuṣaṅga-pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; tatpuruṣa: anuṣaṅga + pāda
catur-yuga-ākhyānamthe account of the four yugas
catur-yuga-ākhyānam:
Karta (कर्ता/heading)
TypeNoun
Rootcatur-yuga-ākhyāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: catur + yuga + ākhyāna
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/title marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; naming particle (नाम) used to denote title
eka-triṃśattamaḥthirty-first
eka-triṃśattamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka-triṃśat-tama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; ordinal formed with -tama; tatpuruṣa with numeral base (31st)
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/heading)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
sūtaḥSūta
sūtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
yugeṣuin the yugas
yugeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Plural (बहुवचन)
yāḥwhich (f.)
yāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; relative pronoun
tuindeed/and
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (emphasis/contrast)
jāyanteare born/arise
jāyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person, Plural; ātmanepada
prajāḥcreatures/offspring
prajāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural
tāḥthose
tāḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; demonstrative pronoun
meof me/my
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; enclitic
nibodhataunderstand/learn
nibodhata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbudh (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural; parasmaipada; with prefix नि-
āsurīāsurī (demonic type)
āsurī:
Karta (कर्ता/elliptic: prajā)
TypeAdjective
Rootāsurī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; used as class-name adjective
sarpa-gāndharvāserpentine and gandharva-type
sarpa-gāndharvā:
Karta (कर्ता/elliptic: prajā)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarpa-gāndharvā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; dvandva of sarpā + gāndharvā (types)
paiśācīpiśāca-type
paiśācī:
Karta (कर्ता/elliptic: prajā)
TypeAdjective
Rootpaiśācī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular
yakṣa-rākṣasīyakṣa- and rākṣasa-type
yakṣa-rākṣasī:
Karta (कर्ता/elliptic: prajā)
TypeAdjective
Rootyakṣa-rākṣasī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; dvandva: yakṣī + rākṣasī (types)