Shloka 60
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
सर्वसाधारणा ह्येते त्रेतायां वै भवं त्युत / वर्णाश्रमव्यवस्थानं तेषां ब्रह्मा तदाकरोत्
Transliteration
sarvasādhāraṇā hyete tretāyāṃ vai bhavaṃ tyuta / varṇāśramavyavasthānaṃ teṣāṃ brahmā tadākarot
Translation
اے بھو! تریتا یُگ میں یہ سب باتیں سب کے لیے عام تھیں؛ تب برہما نے ان کے لیے ورن آشرم کی ترتیب قائم کی۔
Word by Word
sarva-sādhāraṇāḥcommon to all
sarva-sādhāraṇāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + sādhāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya: 'common to all'
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta (particle) giving emphasis/causal sense
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; sarvanāma
tretāyāmin Tretā (age)
tretāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottretā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta (emphatic particle)
bhavamexistence, becoming (state)
bhavam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (द्वितीया/Accusative), Ekavacana
tyutaO one (addressed)
tyuta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottyuta (कृदन्त; √tyaj/त्यज् or √tud?; used as vocative epithet)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative), Ekavacana; sambोधन (address)
varṇa-āśrama-vyavasthānamthe varṇa-āśrama system
varṇa-āśrama-vyavasthānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + vyavasthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (determinative): 'the arrangement/system of varṇas and āśramas'
teṣāmfor them / of them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī (Genitive), Bahuvacana
brahmāBrahmā
brahmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल/Time adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya (temporal adverb)
akarotmade, established
akarot:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (लुङ्/Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada