Shloka 85
Somavaṃśa-prasavaḥ
Birth of the Lunar Line: Budha–Purūravas and the Urvaśī Episode
Devanagari script
तपसा तु सुतप्तेन लोकान्विष्टभ्य तिष्ठति / सत्यं तु तपसः श्रेयस्तस्माज्ज्ञानं गुरु स्मृतम्
Transliteration
tapasā tu sutaptena lokānviṣṭabhya tiṣṭhati / satyaṃ tu tapasaḥ śreyastasmājjñānaṃ guru smṛtam
Translation
خوب تپے ہوئے تپسیا سے وہ جہانوں کو سنبھال کر قائم رہتا ہے۔ مگر تپسیا سے بھی برتر سچ ہے؛ اسی لیے گیان کو گرو کہا گیا ہے۔
Word by Word
tapasāby austerity
tapasā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (singular)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/अन्वयबोधक (particle: but/indeed)
su-taptenaby well-performed (austerity) / having well-austered
su-taptena:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु as manner-cause)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + tapta (कृदन्त; √tap तप सन्तापे)
Formतृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (singular); tapta = क्त (PPP) used adjectivally; su- as उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद intensifier; agrees with implied agent ‘he’
lokānworlds
lokān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन (plural)
viṣṭabhyahaving supported
viṣṭabhya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to tiṣṭhati)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√stambh (स्तम्भ् प्रतिबन्धे/आधारे)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund): ‘having supported/propped up’
tiṣṭhatistands/abides
tiṣṭhati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√sthā (स्था तिष्ठति)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)
satyamtruth
satyam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विशेष/विरोधबोधक (particle)
tapasaḥof austerity
tapasaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (singular)
śreyaḥthe better/the highest good
śreyaḥ:
Predicate-noun (विधेय/Predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootśreyas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
tasmāttherefore/from that
tasmāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतस्मात् इति अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; पञ्चमी-अर्थे (ablative sense: therefore/from that)
jñānamknowledge
jñānam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
gurugreater/superior
guru:
Predicate-adjective (विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular); predicative adjective agreeing with jñānam
smṛtamis regarded (as)
smṛtam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (स्मृ स्मरणे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; impersonal/passive sense: ‘is considered/said’