Shloka 1
Brahmaṇa-parīkṣā
Examination/Doctrine of the Pitṛs in Śrāddha Context
Devanagari script
इति श्रीब्रह्माण्डे महापुराणे वायुप्रोक्ते मध्यभागे तृतीय उपोद्धातपादे श्राद्धकल्पे ब्रह्मणपरीक्षा नाम एकोनविंशो ऽध्यायः // १९// बृहस्पतिरुवाच इत्येते पितरो देवा देवानामपि देवताः / सप्तस्वेते स्थिता नित्यं स्थानेषु पितरो ऽव्ययाः
Transliteration
iti śrībrahmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte madhyabhāge tṛtīya upoddhātapāde śrāddhakalpe brahmaṇaparīkṣā nāma ekonaviṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ // 19// bṛhaspatiruvāca ityete pitaro devā devānāmapi devatāḥ / saptasvete sthitā nityaṃ sthāneṣu pitaro 'vyayāḥ
Translation
یوں شری برہمانڈ مہاپُران (وایو کے بیان کردہ) کے درمیانی حصے کے تیسرے اُپودھات پاد، شرادھّ کلپ میں ‘برہمن پریکشا’ نامی انیسواں ادھیائے۔ برہسپتی نے کہا—یہ پِتر دیوسوروپ ہیں، دیوتاؤں کے بھی ادھی دیوتا ہیں؛ یہ اَویَی پِتر سات مقامات میں نِتّیہ قائم رہتے ہیں۔
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation/closure particle (इति-प्रयोगः)
śrī-brahmāṇḍein the Śrī Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
śrī-brahmāṇḍe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-brahmāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); compound: śrī + brahmāṇḍa
mahā-purāṇein the great Purāṇa
mahā-purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: mahā + purāṇa
vāyu-proktespoken by Vāyu
vāyu-prokte:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu-prokta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKridanta (past passive participle, क्त-प्रत्यय); Neuter, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: vāyu + prokta; agrees with purāṇe
madhya-bhāgein the middle section
madhya-bhāge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya-bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: madhya + bhāga
tṛtīyein the third
tṛtīye:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; ordinal adjective; agrees with pāde
upoddhāta-pādein the introductory quarter/section
upoddhāta-pāde:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootupoddhāta-pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: upoddhāta + pāda
śrāddha-kalpein the Śrāddha-kalpa
śrāddha-kalpe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha-kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: śrāddha + kalpa
brahmaṇa-parīkṣā(called) ‘Examination of the Brāhmaṇa’
brahmaṇa-parīkṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmaṇa-parīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; compound: brahmaṇa + parīkṣā
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/name-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; naming particle (नाम-प्रयोगः)
ekona-viṃśaḥnineteenth (one less than twenty)
ekona-viṃśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootekona-viṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; numeral compound (dvigu): ekona + viṃśa; agrees with adhyāyaḥ
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
bṛhaspatiḥBṛhaspati
bṛhaspatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun
pitaraḥFathers (Pitṛs)
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; irregular stem pitṛ
devāḥgods
devāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; in apposition to pitaraḥ
devānāmof the gods
devānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (emphasis/inclusion)
devatāḥdeities
devatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; predicate nominative
saptasuin seven (places)
saptasu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (7th), Plural; numeral used substantively; qualifies sthāneṣu (understood)
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; pronoun
sthitāḥsituated/established
sthitāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त/क्त-प्रत्यय; sthita); Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; used predicatively with ete/pitaraḥ
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva usage as adverb; accusative used adverbially (नित्यं)
sthāneṣuin places/abodes
sthāneṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Plural
pitaraḥthe Pitṛs
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; reiteration for emphasis
avyayāḥimperishable
avyayāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; adjective agreeing with pitaraḥ