Shloka 1
Śrāddha-kalpa: Dāna-phala-nirdeśa
Gifts in Śrāddha and Their Fruits
Devanagari script
इति श्री ब्रह्माण्डे महापुराणे वायुप्रोक्ते मध्यभागे तृतीय उपोद्धातपादे श्राद्धकल्पे ब्राह्मणपरीक्षा नाम पञ्चदशो ऽध्यायः // १५// बृहस्पतिरुवाच अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि दानानि च फलानि च / तारणं सर्वभूतानां स्वर्गमार्गसुखावहम्
Transliteration
iti śrī brahmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte madhyabhāge tṛtīya upoddhātapāde śrāddhakalpe brāhmaṇaparīkṣā nāma pañcadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ // 15// bṛhaspatiruvāca ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi dānāni ca phalāni ca / tāraṇaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ svargamārgasukhāvaham
Translation
یوں شری برہمانڈ مہاپُران کے وایو پروکتہ مدھیہ بھاگ کے تیسری اُپودھات پاد کے شرادھّ کلپ میں ‘برہمن پریکشا’ نام پندرھواں ادھیائے۔ برہسپتی نے فرمایا—اب میں دان اور اُن کے پھل بیان کروں گا، جو سب بھوتوں کی نجات اور سوَرگ مارگ کی خوشی عطا کرتے ہیں۔
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation/closure particle (इति-प्रयोगः)
śrīrevered, auspicious
śrī:
Sambodhana/Upapada (सम्बोधन/उपपद)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); honorific prefix
brahmāṇḍein the Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
brahmāṇḍe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular; place-context
mahāpurāṇein the great Purāṇa
mahāpurāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahāpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (सप्तमी), Singular; compound: mahā + purāṇa
vāyu-proktespoken by Vāyu
vāyu-prokte:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu + prokta (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular; past passive participle prokta (क्त) from √vac (वच्) ‘to speak’, with agent-noun vāyu; ‘spoken by Vāyu’
madhya-bhāgein the middle part
madhya-bhāge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular; ‘in the middle section’
tṛtīyein the third
tṛtīye:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular; ordinal adjective agreeing with pāda/section
upoddhāta-pādein the introductory pāda
upoddhāta-pāde:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootupoddhāta + pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular; ‘in the introductory section (pāda)’
śrāddha-kalpein the śrāddha-kalpa
śrāddha-kalpe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular; ‘in the śrāddha-ritual section’
brāhmaṇa-parīkṣā(called) ‘Examination of Brāhmaṇas’
brāhmaṇa-parīkṣā:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य/title)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa + parīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular; title-name
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/label)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; naming particle (नाम-प्रयोगः)
pañcadaśaḥfifteenth
pañcadaśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcadaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; numeral adjective ‘fifteenth’ (dvigu-based)
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
bṛhaspatiḥBṛhaspati
bṛhaspatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
ataḥtherefore, hence
ataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; causal/ablatival adverb (तस्मात्-अर्थे)
paramfurther, next
param:
Karma (कर्म/goal of speech)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular; used adverbially ‘next/further’
pravakṣyāmiI shall explain
pravakṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √vac (वच् धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada
dānānigifts, donations
dānāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
phalānifruits, results
phalāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction
tāraṇamdeliverance, saving
tāraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; verbal noun from √tṝ (तॄ) ‘to ferry/save’
sarva-bhūtānāmof all beings
sarva-bhūtānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural; ‘of all beings’
svarga-mārga-sukha-āvahambringing the happiness of the path to heaven
svarga-mārga-sukha-āvaham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga + mārga + sukha + āvaha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; compound adjective; āvaha ‘bringing’ (from ā+√vah (वह्) with aṇ/ṇvul-type adjectival formation); qualifying tāraṇam