Previous Verse

Shloka 41

Kali-yuga Dynasties and the Degradation of Kingship

तन्नाथास्ते जनपदास्तच्छीलाचारवादिन: । अन्योन्यतो राजभिश्च क्षयं यास्यन्ति पीडिता: ॥ ४१ ॥

tan-nāthās te janapadās tac-chīlācāra-vādinaḥ anyonyato rājabhiś ca kṣayaṁ yāsyanti pīḍitāḥ

ان کمینے بادشاہوں کی رعایا اپنے حکمرانوں کے کردار، رویے اور گفتگو کی نقل کرے گی۔ اپنے لیڈروں اور ایک دوسرے کے ہاتھوں ہراساں ہو کر وہ سب تباہی کا شکار ہو جائیں گے۔

तत्of that
तत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; 'तस्य' अर्थे—समास-पूर्वपदत्वेन
नाथाःlords/protectors
नाथाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
तेthose
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम—'जनपदाः' इत्यस्य विशेषणवत्
जनपदाःcountries/regions
जनपदाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
तत्of that
तत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; 'तस्य' अर्थे—समास-पूर्वपदत्वेन
शीलाचारवादिनःprofessing such conduct and customs
शीलाचारवादिनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootशील-आचार-वादिन् (प्रातिपदिक; शील + आचार + वादिन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण—'जनपदाः'
अन्योन्यतःfrom one another/mutually
अन्योन्यतः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्यतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपादानार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of separation/source: 'from one another')
राजभिःby kings
राजभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
क्षयम्destruction/decline
क्षयम्:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
यास्यन्तिwill go/come to
यास्यन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
पीडिताःafflicted, oppressed
पीडिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√पीड् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण—'जनपदाः'

At the end of the Ninth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, it is stated that Ripuñjaya, or Purañjaya, the first king mentioned in this chapter, ended his rule about one thousand years after the time of Lord Kṛṣṇa. Since Lord Kṛṣṇa appeared approximately five thousand years ago, Purañjaya must have appeared about four thousand years ago. That would mean that Viśvasphūrji, the last king mentioned, would have appeared approximately in the twelfth century of the Christian era.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse says people and provinces mirror their rulers’ character and speech, and when rulers and citizens oppress one another, society declines into ruin.

Parīkṣit was hearing the future symptoms of Kali-yuga so he could understand the age’s dangers and fix his consciousness on the supreme remedy—exclusive devotion and hearing of the Lord.

Choose leaders and communities that cultivate virtue, and personally resist degradation by practicing truthful speech, clean conduct, and regular hearing/chanting of Hari-kathā instead of adopting corrupt cultural norms.