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Shloka 45

Uddhava Meets the Gopīs: Bhramara-gītā and Kṛṣṇa’s Message of Separation

कस्मात् कृष्ण इहायाति प्राप्तराज्यो हताहित: । नरेन्द्रकन्या उद्वाह्य प्रीत: सर्वसुहृद् वृत: ॥ ४५ ॥

kasmāt kṛṣṇa ihāyāti prāpta-rājyo hatāhitaḥ narendra-kanyā udvāhya prītaḥ sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥ

کرشن یہاں کیوں آئیں گے؟ وہ راج پا چکے، دشمنوں کو مار چکے، راجاؤں کی بیٹیوں سے بیاہ کر چکے؛ وہاں وہ اپنے سب دوستوں اور خیرخواہوں میں گھِرے خوش و خرم ہیں۔

kasmātfrom what cause?/why
kasmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम्) सर्वनाम
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; interrogative ablative
kṛṣṇaḥKṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)
āyāticomes
āyāti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-i (आ-इ) धातु
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
prāpta-rājyaḥhaving obtained kingship
prāpta-rājyaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāpta (प्राप्त) < prāp (प्राप्) धातु, क्त + rājya (राज्य) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (राज्यं प्राप्तः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; qualifies kṛṣṇaḥ
hata-ahitaḥhaving slain enemies/evil-doers
hata-ahitaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata (हत) < han (हन्) धातु, क्त + ahita (अहित) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (अहितं हतः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; qualifies kṛṣṇaḥ
narendra-kanyāḥdaughters of kings
narendra-kanyāḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnarendra (नरेन्द्र) + kanyā (कन्या) (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (नरेन्द्रस्य कन्याः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
udvāhyahaving married
udvāhya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-vah (उद्-वह्) धातु, ल्यप् (क्त्वा-सम)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वार्थ/ल्यप्), ‘having married/taken in marriage’
prītaḥpleased
prītaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprīta (प्रीत) < prī (प्री) धातु, क्त
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; state of kṛṣṇaḥ
sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥsurrounded by all friends
sarva-suhṛd-vṛtaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (सर्व) + suhṛd (सुहृद्) + vṛta (वृत) < vṛ (वृ) धातु, क्त
Formतत्पुरुष (सर्वैः सुहृद्भिः वृतः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
K
Krishna

FAQs

This verse voices the gopīs’ sorrowful logic in separation: Krishna is now established as a royal hero, married into royal families, and surrounded by friends—so, from their viewpoint, He has little worldly reason to come back, intensifying their viraha-bhakti.

In the Bhramara-gītā section, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī (representing the gopīs’ mood) speaks to a bumblebee, treating it like a messenger connected with Krishna, while lamenting His life in Dvārakā.

It teaches steadiness in devotion even when God seems “distant”: instead of reducing bhakti to convenience or visible reciprocation, one deepens remembrance, longing, and sincerity—turning separation into intensified spiritual focus.