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Shloka 3

Aditi’s Lament and Kaśyapa’s Instruction of the Payo-vrata (Milk Vow) to Please Keśava

स पत्नीं दीनवदनां कृतासनपरिग्रह: । सभाजितो यथान्यायमिदमाह कुरूद्वह ॥ ३ ॥

sa patnīṁ dīna-vadanāṁ kṛtāsana-parigrahaḥ sabhājito yathā-nyāyam idam āha kurūdvaha

اے کُروؤں کے سردار، کشیپ مُنی کا دستور کے مطابق استقبال کیا گیا؛ وہ نشست سنبھال کر اپنی اداس چہرہ بیوی ادیتی سے یوں بولے۔

सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; 'he' (Kaśyapa)
पत्नीम्(his) wife
पत्नीम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; 'wife'
दीनवदनाम्with a sorrowful face
दीनवदनाम्:
कर्म-विशेषण (Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन + वदना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—दीनं वदनं यस्याः = 'with a sorrowful face' (qualifies 'पत्नीम्')
कृतासनपरिग्रहःhaving taken a seat
कृतासनपरिग्रहः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत + आसन + परिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—कृतः आसनपरिग्रहः यस्य = 'one who had arranged/taken a seat' (i.e., having taken his seat)
सभाजितःhaving been duly honored
सभाजितः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + भाज् (धातु) → सभाजित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'having been honored/received'
यथाaccording to
यथा:
प्रकार (Manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकार-वाचक अव्यय (manner): 'as, according to'
न्यायम्proper rule/propriety
न्यायम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial accusative)
TypeNoun
Rootन्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd) एकवचन; 'rule, propriety' — used adverbially with 'यथा' = 'according to propriety'
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; 'this' (object of 'आह')
आहsaid
आह:
क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/ब्रू (धातु; 'to say')
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्सभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; 'said'
कुरूद्वहO best of the Kurus
कुरूद्वह:
सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु + उद्वह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—कुरूणाम् उद्वहः = 'best of the Kurus' (address to Parīkṣit)
K
Kaśyapa
A
Aditi
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja

FAQs

This verse highlights that Kaśyapa first arranged a seat and received Aditi properly “according to custom,” showing that dharmic etiquette and respectful reception come before speaking on serious matters.

Aditi was visibly distressed; Kaśyapa followed proper conduct—offering respect and comfort—then began the conversation that will lead to guidance about her vow and the Lord’s arrangement.

When someone is troubled, first offer respect, a safe space, and calm attention; then speak—good counsel is best received when delivered with dignity and care.