The Caturmasya Observances and the Rite of Vishnu’s Sleep (Aśūnya-Śayana) and Shiva’s Monthly Vows
दशम्यां भुजगेन्द्राश्च स्वपन्ते वायुभोजनाः एकादश्यां तु कृष्णायां साध्या ब्रह्मन् स्वपन्ति च
daśamyāṃ bhujagendrāśca svapante vāyubhojanāḥ ekādaśyāṃ tu kṛṣṇāyāṃ sādhyā brahman svapanti ca
Sa ikasampung araw ng buwan (daśamī), natutulog ang mga panginoon ng mga ahas, ang mga hari ng Nāga—yaong tinatawag na “kumakain ng hangin” (vāyubhojanāḥ). At sa ikalabing-isa, sa madilim na kalahati (kṛṣṇā ekādaśī), natutulog din ang mga Sādhya, O Brahman.
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The verse extends dharma-observance beyond human society: even celestial classes and nāgas are placed within sacred time, implying that restraint and rhythm are universal principles of order (ṛta/dharma).
It is calendrical/ritual instruction (ācāra), not a core pancalakṣaṇa unit. It may be used to support vrata practice (especially ekādaśī-related discipline) within the Purāṇic framework.
Nāgas (subterranean/power/hidden forces) and Sādhyas (subtle celestial forces) ‘resting’ on specific tithis suggests periodic withdrawal of energies, making certain days ritually sensitive—hence prompting careful conduct, fasting, or worship.