Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

न चैताः परिनिन्दामो जनिर्यार्भ्यः प्रवर्तते । केवलं तान्विनिंदामो ये च तासु निरर्गलाः

Transliteration

na caitāḥ parinindāmo janiryārbhyaḥ pravartate | kevalaṃ tānviniṃdāmo ye ca tāsu nirargalāḥ

Translation

Hindi namin hinahatulan ang mga babaeng ito, sapagkat ang kanilang asal ay nagmumula sa likas na pagkatao at pagpapalaki. Ang sinisisi lamang namin ay yaong mga kumikilos sa kanila nang walang pagpipigil at walang hangganan.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

• एताः: these (women)
• एताः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• परिनिन्दामः: we blame/censure
• परिनिन्दामः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: परि-

• जनिः: birth/origin
• जनिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• या: which
• या: Karta/Link (Relative subject/link)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• अर्भ्यः: from children/young ones
• अर्भ्यः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्भ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• प्रवर्तते: arises/occurs/sets forth
• प्रवर्तते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद; उपसर्ग: प्र-

• केवलम्: only
• केवलम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: केवल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावेन क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: only/merely)

• तान्: those (people)
• तान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• विनिन्दामः: we censure
• विनिन्दामः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: वि-

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

• तासु: among them/in them
• तासु: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• निरर्गलाः: unrestrained/unchecked
• निरर्गलाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरर्गल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (ये)

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) (deduced: Māheśvarakhaṇḍa narration to sages)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: The addressed group; implicitly also the men who behave without restraint

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A balanced judgment scene: the speaker gestures in two directions—one indicating understanding/leniency toward the conditioned, the other indicating censure toward the unrestrained; listeners show mixed reactions (relief, shame, anger).

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma emphasizes self-restraint; moral fault lies with the unrestrained mind rather than blaming others.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is referenced in this verse; it focuses on ethical discernment in conduct.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; the verse highlights moral discipline (niyama/saṃyama) rather than a rite.