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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 16

भूतत्रिपुरधर्मवर्णनम् (Description of the Dharma/Conduct of the Bhūta-Tripura) — Chapter 3

कथं धर्मा भविष्यंति त्रिपुरे जीविते सति । देवदुःखप्रदा नूनं सर्वे त्रिपुरवासिनः

kathaṃ dharmā bhaviṣyaṃti tripure jīvite sati | devaduḥkhapradā nūnaṃ sarve tripuravāsinaḥ

Paano mananaig ang dharma habang nabubuhay pa ang Tripura? Tunay nga, ang lahat ng naninirahan sa Tripura ang siyang nagdudulot ng pagdurusa sa mga deva.

कथम्how?
कथम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)
धर्माःrighteousness/dharma (principles)
धर्माः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन
भविष्यन्तिwill be/come to be
भविष्यन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
त्रिपुरेin Tripura
त्रिपुरे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिपुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (स्थानवाचक), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन
जीवितेwhile (he/it) is alive
जीविते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; ‘सति’ इति सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
सतिbeing (existing)
सति:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअस् (धातु) + सत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ/सत्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute: when/while being)
देव-दुःख-प्रदाःgivers of sorrow to the gods
देव-दुःख-प्रदाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक) + दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समासभाव: ‘देवानां दुःखं प्रददाति’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणं ‘त्रिपुरवासिनः’
नूनम्surely
नूनम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक (certainly)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणं ‘त्रिपुरवासिनः’
त्रिपुरवासिनःinhabitants of Tripura
त्रिपुरवासिनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिपुर (प्रातिपदिक) + वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: त्रिपुरे वसन्ति); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

The Devas (gods), speaking among themselves in distress (as narrated by Suta Goswami)

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Tripurāntaka

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga passage; it is the devas’ lament that adharma cannot stand while Tripura (the triple city of the asuras) persists, setting the narrative necessity for Śiva’s Tripurāntaka act.

Significance: Frames the ethical/political crisis that culminates in Śiva’s intervention; recitation is traditionally taken as cultivating vairāgya toward adharma and confidence in Śiva’s restoring order.

D
Devas
T
Tripura
T
Tripuravasins

FAQs

It states that dharma cannot thrive where aggressive ego and oppression dominate; when adharmic forces like Tripura prevail, even the Devas suffer—signaling the need for Pati (Shiva) to restore cosmic order and re-establish righteous living.

The Devas’ helplessness points to Shiva as the accessible Saguna protector who responds to devotion and restores dharma; in Purāṇic practice, such remembrance naturally turns devotees toward Linga-worship as a stable symbol of Shiva’s saving presence.

A practical takeaway is to seek Shiva’s protection through japa of the Panchākṣarī mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and cultivate dharmic conduct; when facing “Tripura-like” inner negativity, steady mantra-japa and devotion are the recommended refuge.