Rig Veda 8.16.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 16, Mantra 5

Sukta 8.16

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain (not supplied)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Not specified in input (requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तमिद्धनेषु हितेष्वधिवाकाय हवन्ते । येषामिन्द्रस्ते जयन्ति ॥

Transliteration

tám íd dháneṣu hitéṣv adhivākā́ya havante | yeṣā́m índras té jayanti ||

Translation

Him indeed they call upon in the battles where the stakes are set, for the decisive word and guiding command; those for whom Indra stands—those are the ones who win.

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Word by Word

• तम्: him (that one)
• तम्: कर्म (हवन्ते इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इद्: indeed, just
• इद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (निपात)

• धनेषु: in prizes/wealths
• धनेषु: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• हितेषु: set/appointed (for them), established
• हितेषु: अधिकारण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √धा/√हि?; सामान्यतः √धा ‘to place’ → हित ‘placed, set, appointed’)

• अधिवाकाय: for intercession/advocacy (invocatory speech)
• अधिवाकाय: सम्प्रदान (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिवाक (प्रातिपदिक; अधि-√वच् ‘to speak over/for’ → ‘intercession, advocacy, invocation’)

• हवन्ते: they invoke/call upon
• हवन्ते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वा (आह्वाने) / Vedic: √हव् ‘to call, invoke’

• येषाम्: of whom, whose
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ (ते जयन्ति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: they (those people)
• ते: कर्तृ (जयन्ति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जयन्ति: win, conquer
• जयन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जि (जय॑े) / √जि ‘to conquer’