Rig Veda 10.75.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 75, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.75

Rishi: Sindhukṣit Praiyamedha

Devata: Sindhu

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स्वश्वा सिन्धुः सुरथा सुवासा हिरण्ययी सुकृता वाजिनीवती । ऊर्णावती युवतिः सीलमावत्युताधि वस्ते सुभगा मधुवृधम् ॥

Transliteration

sváśvā síndhuḥ suráthā suvā́sā hiraṇyáyī sukṛ́tā vājínīvatī | ūrṇā́vatī yuvatíḥ sī́lamāvaty utā́dhi vaste subhágā madhu-vṛ́dham ||

Translation

Sindhu is rich in steeds, rich in chariot-force, richly clothed; golden, well-fashioned, full of plenitude of power. A young maiden, wool-bearing, of noble poise, she wears upon her a honey-increasing splendour: so may the soul be clothed in luminous force and sweetened delight that grows by right action.

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Word by Word

• स्वश्वा: having good horses
• स्वश्वा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वश्व (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + अश्व) अथवा बहुव्रीहि-समास

• सिन्धुः: the river Sindhu (Indus), the river
• सिन्धुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुरथा: having good chariots
• सुरथा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरथ (सु- + रथ) बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास

• सुवासा: well-clad, well-dressed
• सुवासा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुवास (सु- + वास) बहुव्रीहि-समास

• हिरण्ययी: golden
• हिरण्ययी: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्यय (हिरण्य + य) प्रातिपदिक

• सुकृता: well-made, well-formed
• सुकृता: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुकृत (सु- + कृत) क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (कृ धातोः) — विशेषणरूपेण

• वाजिनीवती: rich in strength/prize (vājá), vigorous
• वाजिनीवती: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाजिनीवत् (वाजिन् + वत्) प्रातिपदिक

• ऊर्णावती: wool-bearing; foaming/fleecy (with ‘wool’ = foam)
• ऊर्णावती: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊर्णावत् (ऊर्णा + वत्) प्रातिपदिक

• युवतिः: a young woman
• युवतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: युवति (प्रातिपदिक)

• सीलमावती: possessing ‘śīlamā’ (grace/ornament/beauty; Vedic epithet)
• सीलमावती: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सीलमावत् (सीलमा + वत्) प्रातिपदिक (वैदिक-विशेषण)

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात/अव्यय)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• वस्ते: she clothes herself; she puts on
• वस्ते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु) — ‘वस्’ (आच्छादने/वसने) आत्मनेपद

• सुभगा: fortunate, auspicious
• सुभगा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुभग (सु- + भग) प्रातिपदिक

• मधुवृधम्: honey-increasing (garment/covering); a sweet-growing covering
• मधुवृधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (object) / Adjective used substantively
• Root: मधुवृध (मधु + वृध) प्रातिपदिक; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समास