Rig Veda 10.162.3 — Mandala 10, Sukta 162, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.162
Rishi: As above (uncertain).
Devata: Protective/exorcistic address; devatā implicit (Agni/Indra powers behind the expulsion).
Chandas: Likely Tr̥ṣṭubh.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्ते हन्ति पतयन्तं निषत्स्नुं यः सरीसृपम् । जातं यस्ते जिघांसति तमितो नाशयामसि ॥
Transliteration
yás te hánti patáyantaṃ niṣatsnúṃ yáḥ sarīsṛpám | jātáṃ yás te jíghāṃsati tám itó nāśayāmasi ||
Translation
Whoever strikes down what is taking wing, whoever harms what is still settling into life, whoever attacks the creeping growth—whoever seeks to kill what has been born for you, him from here we destroy.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (यः … सः) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you; your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘ते’ = ‘of you/your’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हन्तिkills; strikes
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
पतयन्तम्flying about
पतयन्तम्:
कर्म (object of हन्ति)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootपतयन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पत्/पतय् ‘to fly about’)
निषत्स्नुम्sitting down; settled
निषत्स्नुम्:
कर्म (apposition to पतयन्तम्)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनिषत्स्नु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sitting/settled down’, from नि-√सद्)
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (relative) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सरीसृपम्a creeping creature; reptile
सरीसृपम्:
कर्म (object of implied/continued हन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootसरीसृप (प्रातिपदिक; lit. ‘creeping’, reptile; from √सृप्)
जातम्born; produced
जातम्:
कर्म (qualifier/apposition to सरीसृपम्)
TypePast passive participle
Rootजात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जन् ‘to be born’)
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (relative) — कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘your’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जिघांसतिwishes/intends to kill
जिघांसति:
क्रिया (in relative clause)
TypeVerb (Desiderative)
Rootहन् (धातु) with desiderative stem जिघांस-
तम्him; that one
तम्:
कर्म (object of नाशयामसि)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इतःfrom here; hence; away
इतः:
अपादान/अधिकरण (ablatival sense: ‘from here/away from here’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः (अव्यय; pronominal adverb from इ-)
नाशयामसिwe cause to perish; we drive away/destroy
नाशयामसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb (Causative)
Rootनश्/नाशय् (धातु; causative of √नश् ‘to perish’)
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