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Padma Purana — Srishti Khanda, Shloka 181

The Tārakāmaya War: Divine Mustering, Māyā Countermeasures, Aurva Fire, and Viṣṇu’s Slaying of Kālanemi

अथ विव्यथिरे देवाः सर्वे शक्रपुरोगमाः । कालनेमिनमायांतं दृष्ट्वा कालमिवापरम्

atha vivyathire devāḥ sarve śakrapurogamāḥ | kālaneminamāyāṃtaṃ dṛṣṭvā kālamivāparam

Pagdaka, ang lahat ng mga deva, na pinangungunahan ni Śakra (Indra), ay nanginig sa takot nang makita si Kālanemi na papalapit—na wari’y isa pang anyo ng Panahon, ang Kamatayan mismo.

अथthen
अथ:
Discourse connector (Avyaya/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formसम्बन्ध/अनन्तर्य-वाचक-अव्ययम् (conjunctive adverb)
विव्यथिरेthey were distressed/trembled
विव्यथिरे:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + √vyath (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (परोक्षभूत), प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्ता), बहुवचनम्
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (देवाः)
शक्रपुरोगमाःwith Indra at their head
शक्रपुरोगमाः:
Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakra (प्रातिपदिक) + puro-gama (प्रातिपदिक; puras + √gam (धातु) + घञ्)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः: ‘शक्रः पुरोगमः येषाम्’
कालनेमिनम्Kālanemi
कालनेमिनम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkālanemi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), एकवचनम्
आयान्तम्coming/approaching
आयान्तम्:
Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootā + √yā (धातु) + शतृ
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः वर्तमान-कृदन्तः; ‘कालनेमिनम्’ इति विशेषणम्
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala (Absolutive/क्त्वा)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु) + क्त्वा
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्तः अव्यय-कृदन्तः (gerund); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया
कालम्Time/Death
कालम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; उपमेय-रूपेण
इवlike
इव:
Comparator (Upamā/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक-अव्ययम्
अपरम्another/second
अपरम्:
Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘कालम्’ इति विशेषणम्

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator voice; specific dialogue-speaker not explicit in this single verse)

Concept: Even the devas are not autonomous; when adharma swells, fear arises until refuge is taken in the Supreme who transcends Time.

Application: When anxiety feels overwhelming, recognize the limits of personal control and consciously turn to disciplined refuge—prayer, japa, and dharmic action—rather than panic.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"In the high vault of the deva-court, Indra stands at the fore as the gods recoil, their crowns and garlands trembling. From the horizon of the three worlds, Kālanemi advances like a second Kāla—his silhouette swallowing light, the air thick with dread and cosmic wind.","primary_figures":["Indra (Śakra)","assembled Devas","Kālanemi"],"setting":"Celestial assembly space above the three worlds, with distant loka-layers and stormlike omens at the horizon","lighting_mood":"divine radiance eclipsed by ominous shadow","color_palette":["sapphire blue","ashen gray","storm violet","burnished gold","blood red"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Indra and the devas in a jeweled celestial sabhā, gold-leaf halos and ornate crowns trembling; Kālanemi approaching from the edge as a towering dark form with a fierce aura, heavy gold embellishment on divine ornaments, rich crimson and emerald textiles, embossed gold clouds suggesting Time’s shadow.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a lyrical sky-world with layered blue mountains of cloud, delicate devas with refined faces clustered around Indra, and a looming asura figure advancing from the distance; cool indigo palette, fine linework, subtle fear in gestures, airy Himalayan-like atmosphere.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold black outlines, large expressive eyes of the devas widened in fear, Indra centered with stylized vajra motifs; Kālanemi rendered as a massive dark-toned figure with red accents, temple-wall composition, natural pigment reds/yellows/greens with dramatic contrast.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: celestial lotus borders framing a deva assembly, ornate floral motifs and swirling cloud patterns; Indra and devas arranged symmetrically while a dark, Time-like asura enters from one side, deep blues and gold highlights, intricate border work and peacock-feather accents."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["distant thunder","conch shell","temple bells","wind rush","sudden silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: कालनेमिनमायांतं→कालनेमिनम् आयान्तम्; कालमिवापरम्→कालम् इव अपरम्।

D
Devas
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
K
Kālanemi
K
Kāla (Time/Death)

FAQs

Kālanemi is portrayed as a formidable asura whose arrival terrifies the gods; his presence is compared to Kāla (Time/Death), emphasizing overwhelming, fate-like power.

The simile frames Kālanemi as an existential threat: like Time, he seems unstoppable and universal in effect, capable of overturning even divine security.

Power and status do not guarantee fearlessness; when confronted with forces that resemble Kāla (inevitability), even the mighty must seek higher refuge, right counsel, and dharmic alignment rather than pride.