Shloka 190

Viśokā Dvādaśī Vow, Guḍa-Dhenū (Jaggery-Cow) Gift, and Śaila-Dāna (Mountain-Charity) Rites

Devanagari script

इमं मंत्रं पठन्दद्याद्दर्भपाणिर्विमत्सरः । पितॄणां वल्लभं यस्मादिन्दोर्वा शंकरस्य च

Transliteration

imaṃ maṃtraṃ paṭhandadyāddarbhapāṇirvimatsaraḥ | pitṝṇāṃ vallabhaṃ yasmādindorvā śaṃkarasya ca

Translation

Sa pagbigkas ng mantrang ito, maghandog siya, may hawak na damong kuśa at walang inggit; sapagkat ito’y minamahal ng mga Pitṛ (ninuno), at mahal din ni Indu (Buwan) at ni Śaṅkara (Śiva).

Word by Word

• imam: this
• imam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative qualifier of 'mantram'

• mantram: mantra
• mantram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• paṭhan: reciting
• paṭhan: Karta (कर्ता) (agent-participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: paṭh (धातु) → paṭhan (कृदन्त, शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (वर्तमानकाले शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with agent

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• darbhapāṇiḥ: one holding darbha-grass in hand
• darbhapāṇiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: darbha + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); bahuvrīhi = 'one whose hand has darbha-grass' (ritual posture)

• vimatsaraḥ: free from envy
• vimatsaraḥ: Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi + matsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); privative sense 'free from envy'

• pitṝṇām: of the ancestors (Pitṛs)
• pitṝṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vallabham: dear/pleasing
• vallabham: Karma (कर्म) (as 'what is pleasing')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vallabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) or Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); predicate/object complement: 'dear/pleasing'

• yasmāt: because
• yasmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative singular used as conjunction (हेतु/कारण) = 'because/since'

• indoḥ: of the Moon
• indoḥ: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक निपात) = 'or'

• śaṃkarasya: of Śaṅkara (Śiva)
• śaṃkarasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṃkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक निपात)

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses in Adhyaya 21).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: paṭhandadyāt → paṭhan dadyāt; dadyāddarbhapāṇirvimatsaraḥ → dadyāt darbhapāṇiḥ vimatsaraḥ; yasmādindorvā → yasmāt indoḥ vā.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs
• Indu (Chandra, the Moon)
• Śaṅkara (Śiva)

FAQs

Why does the verse mention holding darbha (kuśa) grass while offering?

Darbha/kuśa is a standard ritual implement in ancestral rites; the verse frames it as part of the correct method of offering while reciting the mantra.

What inner attitude is required when performing this offering?

The verse explicitly requires being vimatsara—free from envy or spite—indicating that ritual efficacy is tied to ethical purity of intention.

What is the significance of saying the mantra is beloved of the Pitṛs, the Moon, and Śiva?

It elevates the rite by linking it to multiple sacred authorities: the Pitṛs as recipients of ancestral offerings, Indu (Chandra) as a lunar deity often associated with ritual timing and lineage, and Śaṅkara (Śiva) as a major divine witness/benefactor of dharma.