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Shloka 9

Yayāti, Yadu’s Refusal, and the Merit of the Mother–Father Tīrtha

प्रत्युवाच नृपेंद्रं तं पितरं प्रति मानद । नाहं तु घातये तात मातरौ दोषवर्जिते

pratyuvāca nṛpeṃdraṃ taṃ pitaraṃ prati mānada | nāhaṃ tu ghātaye tāta mātarau doṣavarjite

Sumagot ang marangal sa panginoon ng mga hari—sa kanyang ama: “Ama, hindi ko ipapapatay ang aking mga magulang, sapagkat sila’y walang kasalanan.”

प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उप-√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
नृपेन्द्रम्to the king (lord of men)
नृपेन्द्रम्:
सम्प्रदान/प्रति-सम्बन्धः (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootनृपेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: नृपाणाम् इन्द्रः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
तम्that (him)
तम्:
विशेष्य-संबन्धः (Anaphoric qualifier/विशेषण-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
पितरम्father
पितरम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रतिtowards, to
प्रति:
सम्बन्ध (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable); अर्थः: towards/with regard to
मानदO giver of honor
मानद:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमानद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: मानं ददाति इति (उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-प्रायः)
not
:
निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुषार्थे (1st person), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
तुbut, indeed
तु:
समुच्चय/विरोध (Discourse particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle); अर्थः: but/indeed
घातयेI cause to kill / I have (them) killed
घातये:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (धातु) → घातय (णिच् causative stem)
Formलट् (Present/वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्; णिच् (causative) प्रयोगः: ‘to cause to be killed’
तातO dear father / O sir
तात:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
मातरौthe two mothers
मातरौ:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual)
दोषवर्जितेfree from दोष (faults)
दोषवर्जिते:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण) of मातरौ
TypeAdjective
Rootदोष-वर्जित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual); समासः: दोषैः वर्जिते (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष) / ‘free from faults’

Unspecified (a dutiful child addressing his father; described as mānada)

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes: नाहम् = न + अहम्; नृपेन्द्रं (IAST nṛpeṃdraṃ) = नृपेन्द्रम्; दोषवर्जिते qualifies मातरौ (dual accusative).

FAQs

It emphasizes dharma grounded in non-violence and justice: one should not punish or harm those who are blameless, even under pressure from authority.

Because his parents are described as doṣa-varjita—free from fault—so harming them would be unrighteous and unjust.

Filial duty is shown as protective and principled: honoring one’s parents includes refusing actions that would wrong them, especially when they have committed no offense.